健康八角叶花及其传粉瘿蚊的真菌群落组成研究-植物病理学专业论文.docxVIP

II II 区=0.36；高产区的花内生真菌的多样性指数（1. 84）低产区（1. 93）。④高产区的 叶片表生真菌多样性指数（2.97）低产区（2.53），高产区的叶片内生真菌多样性指 数（1.3）低产区（0.36）。 在分离到的 4022 真菌菌株中，主要是子囊菌门真菌 2116 株（52.6%），其中粪壳 纲 Sordariomycetes 1436 株在子囊菌门中优势明显（67.9%），其次是接合菌门真菌共 计 1888 株（46.9%），其中根霉 Rhizopus sp. 1840 株（97.5%）占优势。接合菌门真菌 在白色瘿蚊的表生真菌和内生真菌、红色瘿蚊表生真菌、花表生真菌中占优势，散囊 菌纲真菌在红色瘿蚊内生真菌和白色瘿蚊内生真菌中占优势，粪壳菌纲真菌在花的内 生真菌和叶片的表生真菌以及叶片内生真菌中占优势。NMDS 图谱分析表明，来自 不同八角产量区的瘿蚊的真菌群落组成差异不显著，花和叶片的真菌群落组成差异也 不显著。在分离到的真菌常见种（RF≥1%）中，Mucor fragilis、Nigrospora oryzae、 Neofabraea sp.、Xylaria sp.、Galactomyces sp.具有明显的组织专化性，Fusarium solani、 Bionectria sp. 2 具有高度的宿主专一性，只在瘿蚊中发现。不同产量区的叶片和花分 离到的常见种差别不明显，但是高产区的常见种类要比低产区略多。 关键词: 八角；瘿蚊；表生真菌；内生真菌；多样性；产量 III III Fungal Community of Healthy Leaf and Flower of Illicium verum and its Pollinators, Gall midges Wang Lin （College of Agriculture，Guangxi University，Nanning 530004，China） Abstract Illicium verum (Schisandraceae), a valuable tree with important ecological function, is native to northern Vietnam and southern China including Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces. Illicium verum, Gall midges and some fungi has been proved to be intimate symbiont relationship and symbiont fungi influence to gall midges greatly. The epiphytic and endophytic fungi of I. verum are highly diverse and with importantly ecological functions. In this study, diversity, population component and ecological distribution of epiphytic and endophytic fungi of the healthy leaves, flowers and gall midges collected from different yield plantation of I. Verum were analysed, to investigate the relation between fruit production of I. verum and epiphytic and endophytic fungi of I. verum and gall midges. A total of 4022 fungal isolates were obtained from 4800 tissue fragments, of which 820 isolates were epiphytic fungi of leaves, while 841 isolates were endophytic fungi of leaves; 898 isolates were epiphytic fungi of flowers, while 800 isolates were endophytic fungi of flowers; 231 isolates were isolated from the surfaces of white gall midges, while 87 iso