剪切对全同聚1-丁烯结晶行为和结晶结构的影响-材料学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 全同聚 1-丁烯在高温下性能稳定，被广泛用作热水管材料，但其结构和性能 会受到加工过程中流场的影响。研究剪切对 i-PB 的结晶行为和结晶结构的影响 具有重要的意义。 本研究通过偏光显微镜观察 i-PB 在等温结晶过程中结晶形貌和球晶径向生 长速率的变化。熔体经剪切后，体系中成核密度增加，柱状晶在剪切流动方向聚 集排列。在较低剪切速率下，球晶径向生长速率随剪切速率增加而增加。 当施加剪切速率为 0.5s-1 剪切时间为 5s 的熔体剪切条件后经 95℃等温结晶， 用 XRD 跟踪室温下的 i-PB 晶型转变速率，发现其没有受到剪切作用影响，但剪 切后晶粒尺寸增大，晶化程度变好。 晶型转变结束后，利用同步辐射 SAXS 和 WAXS 技术研究 i-PB 的结晶结构 研究发现随剪切速率的增加，样品取向度增大；片晶在垂直剪切方向上的长周期 和片晶厚度不随剪切速率变化，在剪切方向上长周期和片晶厚度均有所增加；同 时剪切使分子链排列紧密，晶面间距减小。在相同的剪切速率条件下，随剪切时 间增加，垂直剪切方向上长周期不变，剪切方向上长周期增加，晶面间距随剪切 时间变化不大。随剪切温度的增加，体系中各向异性结构减少，越来越接近静态 等温结晶的情况。 关键词：全同聚 1-丁烯，剪切，结晶形貌，结晶动力学，晶型转变，结晶结构 ABSTRACT Isotactic poly-1-butene has good thermal-barrier properties. It is widely used in as feed-pipe material for hot water pipes. But its structures and properties will be affected by flow field during processing operations. Research on the crystallization behaviors and structures of poly-1-butene subjected to shear is of great importance. In this study we use optical microscopy to study the morphology and growth rate of i-PB during isothermal crystallization. Under shear conditions the nucleation density is higher and rod-like structures aligned in the direction of shear flow. In low shear rate range the growth rate of sphero-crystal increase with increasing shear rate. When the shear rate is 0.5s-1 shear time is 5s, after isothermal crystallization at 95℃, we use XRD to track the phase transformation rate of i-PB and find that it is not affected by shear flow. Further we discuss the changes in lamellae and crystallite structure on samples which have completed transformation. The degree of orientation increases with the increasing of shear rate. The long period and crystallize layer thickness along the meridian are not affected by shear flow, the long period along the equator increase slightly due to thicken of crystallize layer. The lattice spacing decrease with the increasing shear rate, which implied that shear can induce a close package of chains. As the shear time increases the long period along th