基于博弈论防御DoS攻击的无线传感器网络安全机制研究-计算机应用技术专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 摘 摘 要 摘 要 无线传感器网络集成了传感器、嵌入式计算、网络和无线通信等四大技术，是一 种全新的信息获取、处理和传输技术。无线传感器网络具有组网快捷、灵活等特点，并 可广泛用于紧急搜索、灾难救助、军事、医疗等环境，然而网络的不安全性限制了其 应用。无线传感器网络中存在多种攻击威胁其安全，其中DoS(拒绝服务)攻击就是一 种最典型的攻击。 本文基于博弈理论，提出了针对无线传感器网络中DoS攻击的博弈安全框架，给 出了三种博弈形式:其一，传感器节点因建立路由而产生的节点之间的博弈:其二，被 动DoS攻击行为中入侵检测系统与自私节点之间的博弈:其三，主动DoS攻击行为中入 侵检测系统与恶意节点之间的博弈。取得的主要成果如下: (1)根据无线传感器网络中DoS攻击的特点，建立了传感器节点之间的博弈模型， 采用一级封闭价格拍卖进行路由发现，利用声誉机制检测和惩罚恶意节点，提出了一 种基于拍卖的安全路由协议。结果表明，该协议能有效防御无线传感器网络中的DoS攻 击。 (2)针对传感器网络中的被动DoS攻击，引入重复博弈理论建立了入侵检测系统 和自私节点之间的重复博弈模型，定义了阶段博弈，分别给出了参与双方的策略空间 和效用函数，证明了该重复博弈能够实现Nash均衡。结果表明，所提出的博弈模型能 够有效检测被动DoS攻击。 (3)针对传感器网络中的主动DoS攻击，建立了入侵检测系统和恶意节点的攻击- 防御博弈模型，分别给出了参与双方的策略空间和支付矩阵，证明了博弈可达到Nash均 衡。结果表明，所提出的博弈模型能够有效检测主动DoS攻击。 关键词: 无线传感器网络; DoS攻击; 安全路由协议; 声誉; 入侵检测. 万方数据 I – – – PAGE IV – 万方数据 Abstract Wireless sensor networks, which combinate the technologies of sensor, computer, embedded computing and network, are a novel technology acquiring, processing and transmitting information. Because its advantages, such as ease of setup and mobility, WSNs can be widely used in scenarios where no infrastructure exists, such as emergent operations, disaster assistance, military applications and medical treatment, but the unsafety of the WSNs limits its applications. There are some kinds of attatcks threat its security, and denial of services(DoS) is the most typical attack. In this thesis, based on game theory, we propose a gaming security framework for DoS attacks, describe three kinds of game: the fist one is the game between sensor nodes for establishing routing; secondly the game between intrusion detection system(IDS) and selfish nodes in passive DoS attack; thirdly the game between IDS and malicious nodes in active DoS attacks. The main research works are as follows: On basis of the characteristics of the DoS attacks in WSNs, we establish a gaming model between sensor nodes, use first-price sealed auction to discover route, utilize reputation mechanism to detect and punish malicious nodes, propose one secure routing p