Chap002_PPT_财务管理第二章_对会计与财务的回顾.pdf

Review of Accounting Chapter McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter Outline • Income Statement • Price-earnings Ratio • Balance Sheet • Statement of Cash Flows • Tax-free Investments (Deprecation) 2-2 Basic Financial Statements • Income Statement • Balance Sheet • Statement of Cash Flows 2-3 Income Statement • Device to measure the profitability of a firm over a period of time – It covers a defined period of time – It is presented in a stair-step or progressive fashion to examine profit or loss after each type of expense item is deducted 2-4 Income Statement (cont’d) Sales – Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) = Gross Profit (GP) GP – Expenses = Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) or Operating Income (OI) EBIT – Interest = Earnings Before Taxes (EBT) EBT – Taxes = Earnings After Taxes (EAT) or Net Income (NI) 2-5 Income Statement (cont’d) 2-6 Return to Capital • Three primary sources of capital: – Bondholders – Preferred stockholders – Common stockholders • Earnings per share – Interpreted in terms of number of outstanding shares – May be paid out in dividends or retained by company for subsequent reinvestment •