间歇萃取精馏分离环己烷正丙醇的研究-制药工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 环己烷和正丙醇是有机合成中的常用原料，也是化学、制药领域用途十分广 泛的溶剂。环己烷和正丙醇在常压下会形成共沸物，共沸温度为 74.3℃，共沸组 成为环己烷 80wt%、正丙醇 20wt%，使用普通的精馏方法无法实现其混合物的 分离。 本文首次研究了用间歇萃取精馏方法分离环己烷/正丙醇二元共沸物。 首先，通过实验测定了环己烷/正丙醇二元物系的气液平衡数据，并用 UNIFAC 模型对实验数据进行关联，结果表明使用 UNIFAC 模型所得的计算结果 与实验数据吻合较好。然后，采用 UNIFAC 基团贡献法对常用溶剂进行筛选， 确定 DMF 为该二元共沸物的适宜溶剂，并通过气液平衡实验验证了其分离效果。 同时，运用 ChemCAD 软件下的 UNIFAC 模型对溶剂比分别为 0.5:1、1:1、1.5:1 三种情况下 DMF 对环己烷/正丙醇相对挥发度的影响进行了模拟，确定了适宜溶 剂比为 1:1。 其次，进行了环己烷/正丙醇二元共沸物系的间歇萃取精馏实验，实验所用 填料塔的理论板数为 30，萃取剂进料位置为第 4 块塔板，溶剂比为 1:1，回流比 为 3:1，塔顶环己烷产品浓度为 96.2wt%，回收率为 72.19%。 最后，采用 ChemCAD 软件模拟并优化环己烷/正丙醇二元共沸物系的间歇 萃取精馏过程。优化后的操作参数如下：操作回流比为 3:1、溶剂比为 1:1、萃取 剂进料位置为第 4 块塔板、萃取剂进料温度为 55℃，塔顶环己烷浓度高达 98.54wt%。经过对模拟数据和实验数据的对比发现，两者能较好地吻合。 关键词：间歇萃取精馏 环己烷 正丙醇 UNIFAC 模型 DMF ABSTRACT Cycolhexane and 1-Propanol are commonly used raw materials in organic synthesis. Meanwhile, they have a wide range of uses as solvents in chemical and pharmaceutical industry. Cycolhexane and 1-Propanol form an azeotrope at 80wt% Cyclohexane and 20wt% 1-Propanol with a boiling point of 74.3℃ at atmospheric pressure, which can’t be separated by conventional distillation. This paper studies the separation of such binary azeotrope by batch extractive distillation for the first time. Firstly, vapor-liquid equilibrium of Cyclohexane - 1-Propanol is determined by experiment and related based on UNIFAC model. Result shows that experimental data coincide well with simulational one. Secondly, extractive agent is pre-screened based on empirical method and screening principle, then calculated by UNIFAC groups contribution model. DMF is determined to be the suitable solvent at last. Further vapor-liquid equilibrium experiment verifies the feasibility of DMF as extractive agent. Thirdly, the effects of DMF under three different solvent ratio (0.5:1、1:1、1.5:1) to the relative volatility of Cyclohexane - 1-Propanol are simulated by ChemCAD software based on UNIFAC model. Results show that suitable solvent ratio is 1:1. Then, the batch extractive distillation experiment to se