Chapter 14 竞争市场中的企业.pdf

Firms in Competitive Markets 竞争市场中的企业 Chapter 14 WHAT IS A COMPETITIVE MARKET? A perfectly competitive market has the following characteristics: There are many buyers and sellers in the market. The goods offered by the various sellers are largely the same. Firms can freely enter or exit the market. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. 什么是竞争市场？ 完全竞争市场有以下特点: 市场中有许多买者和许多卖者。 各个卖者所提供的物品大体上是相同的。 企业可以自由地进入或退出市场。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. WHAT IS A COMPETITIVE MARKET? As a result of its characteristics, the perfectly competitive market has the following outcomes: The actions of any single buyer or seller in the market have a negligible impact on the market price.  each buyer and seller is a price taker. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. 什么是竞争市场？ 由于以上特点, 完全竞争市场具有以下 结果: 市场上任何一个买者或卖者的行动对市 场价格的影响都可以忽略不计。 每一个买者和卖者都是价格的接受者 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. The Revenue of a Competitive Firm 竞争企业的收益 Total revenue for a firm is the selling price times the quantity sold. 一个企业的总收益等于销售价格乘 以销售量。 TR = (P X Q) Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. The Revenue of a Competitive Firm Average revenue tells us how much revenue a firm receives for the typical un