高一人教版英语必修一同步名师公开课市级获奖课件：unit 5 nelson mandela—a modern hero5.2 .pptxVIP

语法指南 定语从句(Ⅱ) 定语从句除了由关系代词引导外,还可由关系副词when,where,why引导,它们在从句中作状语。 1.关系副词when引导的定语从句 当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词,且在定语从句中充当时间状语时,用when引导,也可以用“介词+which”来代替when。 I will never forget the day when/on which I went to university. 我永远也不会忘记我去上大学的那一天。 October 1st,1949 was the day when/on which the People’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。 语法指南 注意:when是关系副词,在从句中只能作状语,而不能作宾语或主语。关系词如在从句中作主语或宾语要用关系代词which或that,作宾语时常常省略关系代词。 Do you remember the days(which/that)we spent together? 你还记得我们一起度过的那些日子吗?(关系词在从句中作spent的宾语) 比较:Do you remember the days when/during which we worked together? 你还记得我们一起工作的日子吗?(关系词在从句中作状语) 语法指南 2.关系副词where引导的定语从句 当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词,且在定语从句中充当地点状语时,用where引导定语从句,也可以用“介词+which”来代替where。 This is the factory where/in which he works. 这是他上班的工厂。 注意:(1)若表示地点的先行词在从句中不作地点状语时,不可用where来引导定语从句,若作主语或宾语时,应用which或that来引导定语从句。 His father works in the factory which/that makes radio parts. 他爸爸在一家制造无线电零件的工厂工作。(that/which在从句中作主语,是关系代词。) 语法指南 The school(which/that)we visited yesterday is newly built. 我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(关系代词which/that在从句中作宾语) (2)一些特殊名词后用where引导定语从句。如果定语从句前面的先行词是point,situation,condition,stage和case等,且在从句中作状语时,应用where来引导定语从句。 We have come to the point where we have to face such a problem. 我们已到了必须面对这样一个问题的地步了。 The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time. 这个国家处在随时会爆发战争的局势中。 语法指南 3.关系副词why引导的定语从句 (1)当先行词是reason时,可以用why引导限制性定语从句,why在定语从句中作原因状语。 Do you know the reason why he was late? 你知道他为什么迟到吗? The reason why he told a lie is unclear. 他撒谎的原因不清楚。 语法指南 (2)我们也可以用for which来替代why。 The reason why/for which you failed,I think,was that you had not followed your mother’s advice. 我认为你失败的原因是你不听你母亲的忠告。 注意:若先行词reason在从句中不作状语,而作主语或宾语时,应用that或which来引导定语从句。 This is the reason(which/that)our teacher gave us for doing it. 这就是我们老师给我们做此事的理由。(关系代词在从句中作宾语) He gave me a reason that/which was reasonable. 他给了我一个合情合理的理由。(关系代词在从句中作主语) 语法指南 4.“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,修饰物时用which而不用that;修饰人时用whom而不用who。 This is the village in which he was born twenty ye