初中英语人教版八年级下册宾语从句.pptVIP

The object clause 宾语从句 定义：复合句中，放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。 宾语从句三要素： 一、引导词 二、语序 三 、时态 宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型： 一、引导词 （看从句） 从句是陈述句 (口语中常省略） 从句是一般疑问句 从句是特殊疑问句 　We know （that）we should learn from each other. Please tell me if/whether you have been to America. that if/whether（是否） wh/how(即特殊疑问词) Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导 词，看从句成份是否完整，不完整，一定是特殊疑问句。完整，判断主句语气，是疑问语气，用if/whether; 是肯定语气，用that. If/whether（是否）的区别 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用whether： 　　 ①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. 　　 ②在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. 　　 ③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. ④做主语从句：Whether he is right isn’t important. 主语 二、语序 　　 　 Does he work hard？I wonder.→ I wonder if he works hard. 或I wonder whether he works hard. 　When did he leave？I don’t know. → I don’t know when he left. 陈述句语序 即：连词＋主语＋谓语动词 ①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如： He is an honest boy. The teacher said.→ The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy. ②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如： What’s the matter?(怎么了?)等,在作宾语从句时,语序不变. 如: Could you tell me what’s the matter? 可以告诉我怎么了吗? 三、时态 ①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 如：I have heard（that）he __________(come) back next week. ②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。 （看主句） 如：He said（that）there ______(be) no classes yesterday. 注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。 如：He said that light travels much faster than sound. We wonder when he _______(start) learning English. He told me he _______(can) swim. were could started will come The teacher asked him what he ____________(do) at seven. was doing My friend asked me when I ____________ (leave) for Beijing. would leave 或 was leaving He told me that he _______________(be) to Shanghai. had been Could you tell me how he ________(go) to school every day? goes 宾语从句应掌握的要点 1．在四种类型的宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序，即主语+谓语动词+其它成