基于遗传算法的装配序列规划研究-机械工程专业论文.docxVIP

国防科学技术_人学研究生院学位论文摘 国防科学技术_人学研究生院学位论文 摘 要 在数字化产品预装配研究中，装配序列规划是核心。装配序列规划是装配工具、夹具 规划的依据，是装配过程仿真的基础，所以研究装配序列规划具有重要的意义。装配序列 规划本质上是NP组合优化难题，本文针对装配序列规划中的难点，采用基于遗传算法的 装配序列规划方法。首先，本文研究了装配建模。装配模型中包含了装配体的几何信息、 拓扑信息及基准件、紧固件信息，大规模装配体采用予装配体分解，降低难度。为减少人 工干预，还研究了装配模型信息的自动获取方法。装配模型为装配序列生成与评价提供支 持。其次，采用遗传算法生成最优装配序列。为提高遗传算法解决装配序烈规戈ij阔题的效 率，采用矩阵编码，选择和设计了相应的遗传算子，本文通过对各遗传算予陛质的分析， 证明了在这种编码方案和遗传算子下，算法仍然符合模式定理。适应度函数的设计，综台 考虑了装配中的一般原则。给出了平动稳定性和转动稳定性的判别方法。对适应度函数的 权重分配进行了试验研究。遗传策略采用基于阶段进化的策略。再次，根据以上分析，开 发了装配序列规划原型系统。最后给出了应用实例，验证上述方法的正确性。 关键词；数字化产品预装配。装配序列规划，装配模型，遗传算法 第i负 AbstractAssembly Abstract Assembly sequence planning i S the core of digital product pre—assembly．It iS the foundation of selecting assembly device and fixture，and the hasiS of realizing assembly procedure simulation．So assembly sequence planning is worthy of researching．The problem of assembly sequence planning is kind of NP—hard optimization problems，this paper presents method of solving assembly sequence planning based on genetiC algorithm aiming at the difficulty of assembly sequence planning．FirstlY the paper researches the assembly model。The assembly model presented by thiS paper includes geometrical，topological，basiC part and fixture part information，to large scale assembly，divides it to some subassembl ies．To reduce the input from user，the paper also researches the method of auto get the information on the assembly model。Secondly the paper genet ic algorithm(GA)tO generate and evaluate assembly sequence．The GA adopts the encode method of matrix．The paper selects and designs GA operators，and analyses the characters of the operators，then reasons OUt the model of schema survival． According to the general principles in assembly，the paper designs the fiChess funetion for the GA，and set the weight of fitness function through tests．tt also researches on the translational and rotational stability．The paper adoptS evolution strategy based phase．and set the GA parameters through experiments． Third Ly，development of t