高考英语复习阅读理解主旨大意题.ppt

Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage? A. Magellan’s death. B. Going around the World. C. The World Is Round. D. Magellan’s Voyage. (too narrow) (too narrow) (too broad) (just proper) at the beginning at the end in the middle at both the beginning and the end 命题类 主题句在文章或段落中的位置 no clear topic sentence at the beginning at the end Find the topic sentence Types Of Paragraph Structures Type The position of the topic sentence Information words At the beginning At the end In the middle No clear topic sentence besides, for example…… so, therefore,…… Sum them up by yourself But, however, actually…… Summary: 主旨大意题的干扰项(错误选项)有3种： 1. 概括范围太窄，只表达局部信息或某一细节，不能概括整篇文章的主旨大意。 2. 概括范围太宽，所表达的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容。 3. 无关信息：即文章中未提到、或找不到语言依据的信息。 主要内容型 这种类型的题的关键是找到主题句 （topic sentence）。主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应，有时也在文中，或者没有主题句，需要根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的句首或尾句。议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。 三、解题技巧 文首： 新闻报道、议论文 文末： 记叙文 说明文: 文中：例子/假设 例子/假设后进入主题 没有主题句： 找反复出现的词语 判断文章体裁很重要！ 找主题句的小窍门 1) 首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很