职业教育精准扶贫作用机理与实践反思.docxVIP

职业教育精准扶贫:作用机理与实践反 思 李鹏 朱成晨 朱德全 西南大学教育学部密歇根大学安娜堡分校教育学院 摘要： 职业教育是关注民生的“平民教育”，也是实施教育精准扶贫的“排头兵”。职 业教育精准扶贫可以精确聚焦到贫困县、贫困村、贫困户及贫困个人。通过职业 教育或培训，贫困个人可以获得经济性资本收益、符号性资本收益以及缄默性资 木收益，进而实现职业教育直接性扶贫、发展性扶贫和补偿性扶贫。当前职业教 育在增加贫困个人的经济性资本、符号性资本以及缄默性资本方面成效显著，但 囿于职业教育在办学与招生体制、人才培养机制和管理协调机制等方面的局限， 职业教育精准扶贫在精准聚焦、拔根除贫和长效保障方而还存在着一些客观困 难。因此，要积极推动职业教育供给侧的体制机制改革，建构现代职业教育体系, 提升职业教育质量，增加职业教育个人收益，助推职业教育精准扶贫。 关键词： 职业教育;精准扶贫;个人收益;精准聚焦;拔根除贫; 作者简介：李鹏，男，密歇根州立大学-西南大学交换培养博士研究生，主要从 事教育评价与管理研究； 作者简介：朱成晨（木文通讯作者），女，密歇根大学安娜堡分校教育学院研究 生，西南大学教育学部交流访问生，主要从事职业技术教育研究； 作者简介：朱德全，男，西南大学教育学部部长、长江学者特聘教授、博士生导 师，主要从事职业技术教育研究。 收稿日期：2017-08-10 基金：重庆市研究牛科研创新项目“职业教育教学质量评价的技术与制度研究” （项目编号:CYB14064） On Precision Poverty Alleviation of Vocational Education: Mechanism of Action and Reflection of Practice Peng Li Chengchen Zhu Dequan Zhu Faculty of Education, Southwestern University; Abstract： Vocational education is concerned about the livelihood of the ^civilian education” 、 so it is an effective way to implement precision poverty alleviation. Vocalional education can be precisely focused on the precise poverty counties, poor villages, poor households as well as poor individuals. Through the vocational education or training, poor individuals can obtain economic capital gains, symbolic capital gains and tacit capital gains, so as to realize the directly poverty reduction, development poverty al leviation and compensatory poverty al leviation. At present, the precise poverty alleviation of vocational education has achieved remarkable results in increasing the economic capital, symbolic capital and tacit capital for poor individuals, but limited by the vocational education system and enrollment system, personnel training mechanism, management and coordination mechanism or other aspects of restrictions. Because of the limits mentioned above, there are some difficulties for vocational education in precise poverty, such as precise focusing the poor people, the eradication of poverty and uproot long-term security. Therefore, we should ac