基督教与西方科学研究-高等教育学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 长期以来，西方学者对基督教与科学之间的关系探讨众说纷 纭，莫衷一是。以著名科学家、哲学家罗素为代表的群体，坚持 “冲突说”。他们大力宣传，使这种思想深深影响后辈学人。然而 二者之间的关系是不能仅以诸如“冲突”的字眼就可以概括的。 因为基督教与科学不但具有内在一致性，而且近代科学在很大程 度上是由基督教孕育而成长起来的。具体表现在三个方面：在哲 学观上促进了近代思维方式的确立和实验科学的兴起；在价值观 上，其信仰观为科学家探索自然的奥秘提供了巨大的内在动力； 其理性主义给近代自然科学的勃兴提供了可能性。在组织形式上， 教会、修道院及其文化的兴盛不但为近代自然科学的兴起奠定了 坚实的社会文化基础，而且为日后人们从事科学必备的逻辑思维 能力的训练作好了准备。 当然，这也不能说明两者关系的“和谐”，也就是说驳斥“冲 突论”并不导致支持“和谐论”。二者之间的关系极其复杂，我们 必须实事求是地对待历史。既不能出于辩解之目的，也不能以反 驳为出发点去设计，修改历史，而应超越它们“冲突”、“和谐” 等的关系。从理解的角度出发，拓展两者关系研究的新视野，还 历史真面貌，以利我们以一种恰当的方式去把握如今基督教与科 学关系的走向。 关键词：基督教科学冲突全面理解 AbstractThe Abstract The studys of relation between science and religion have had many difierent doctrines conducted by western scholars 10ng time ago The group led by B．Russell，the famous scientist and philosopher， insisted on“conflict theory”．Their widespread flurries had great effects on following people．However,the relation between science and religion could not be generalized only by such word as“conflict”． Christianity and science had inherent consistence，To some extent， modem science was bred by Christianity,SO as to develop slowly． These effects were as following：It philosophically promoted the establishment of the modem ways of thinking and the rising of experimental science；The belief of christianity valuably provided the impulses for scientists，by which scientists had great desires to penetrate the mystery of nature；The rationalism supplied tim possibilities for the rising of modem natural science；The churches， convents and the prosperities of their cultural course organically laid not only the solid social and cultural foundation for modem natural science，but also for the training of logical capacity of thinking，which people must possess in doing science in following days． Of course．the words discussed before would not illustrate their harmonious relation，either．So to say,the refutation of conflict theory did not lcad to support the doctrine of harmony．The relation between them was in fact very complicated．So we must seek truth