基于位置传感器运动控制系统设计.docxVIP

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 21 摘要 雕刻机的数控系统是数控雕刻机的控制核心，其控制能力的强弱、控制性能的优劣直接关系着数控雕刻机的加工质量与加工效率，对整个雕刻机的性价比与市场竞争力都至关重要。运动控制，是一种自动控制技术，是当代数字控制技术的重要分支，它是用数字化信号对控制对象的位置、速度、加速度、转矩等进行精确控制的方法。 本文阐述了运动控制系统反馈系统的的基本工作原理，在分析了多种软硬件设计方案的基础上，硬件采用由光栅尺位移传感器来检测雕刻机刀头所行进的距离。KA系列线性光栅尺具有符合标准的准确度、良好的刚性、平直性和密封性、造型美观。得到的数据用LCD1602显示出来，显示数据分别表示X,Y,Z三个坐标。提供max232单电源转换芯片，增加了9针串口形成一个独立模块向外输出数据。软件上则采用keil软件编写c语言，c语言编程构造了整个软件的主体框架、实现非实时性任务。样机系统的软硬件联调表明，本系统的功能和性能达到了预期设计的要求。 实验证明，本系统所采用的总体设计方案是完全正确的。本设计方案从实际应用出发，综合考虑了性能指标、成本、抗干扰力、合理的元器件布局和机械、电气结构等因素。在系统的设计过程中，软、硬件都经过反复的分析、论证、实验、调试和修改，最终通过了系统的统调。较好地实现了各项指标，基本满足了现场的实际应用要求，达到了预期的设计目标。且该测量系统设计不仅仅限于雕刻机，测量机床、车床等都非常适用。 关键词：51单片机；线性位移光栅尺；位置传感； Abstract Engraving machine of numerical control system is a core control of CNC engraving machine, its control ability strong and the weak, the control performance fit and unfit quality directly related to the processing quality and processing efficiency of CNC engraving machine, price and market competitiveness of the whole carving machine is of crucial importance.Motion control, it is a kind of automatic control technology, is an important branch of modern digital control technology, it is to use digital signal to control the objects position, velocity, acceleration, torque method for precise control. Motion control system were introduced in this paper the basic principle of feedback system, the analysis of the various hardware and software design scheme on the basis of the hardware used by the grating ruler displacement sensor to detect the marching distance by carving machine cutter.KA series linear grating ruler with standard accuracy, good rigidity, laymen and sealing, and aesthetically pleasing.The data with the LCD1602 display, display data, respectively the X, Y, Z three coordinates.Provide a power conversion chip max232, increased the 9-pin serial ports to form an independent module to output data.Using keil software, software is written c language, c language programming constructs the