季节交替时期镜湖萼花臂尾轮虫种群变动的机理研究-生态学专业论文.docxVIP

季节交替时期镜湖萼花臂尾轮虫种群 变动的机理研究 摘 要 本文对冬春季节交替时期不同批次采自芜湖市镜湖的萼花臂尾轮虫 (Brachionus calyciflorus)种群进行了等位酶电泳分析，同时对各批次萼花臂 尾轮虫在不同温度下的生殖参数和生活史特征进行了比较研究，获得的主 要结果如下： 1. 应用种群累积培养法研究了季节交替时期（2006.3.1-2006.3.31）不 同批次采自镜湖的萼花臂尾轮虫在五个温度（7℃、13℃、19℃、25℃和 31℃） 下各生殖参数的差异。结果表明，所有批次采集的轮虫在 31℃下均不能存 活；在 7℃和 25℃之间，温度和批次以及两者之间的交互作用均对轮虫的 种群增长率、混交雌体百分率、混交雌体受精率和休眠卵产量有显著影响； 各批次轮虫的生殖参数对升高的温度的反应有所不同；除第五批次外，其 它各批次轮虫的种群增长率和混交雌体百分率均与均与温度间呈曲线相 关，3 月末采集的轮虫的种群增长率最低，但其混交雌体百分率、混交雌体 受精率和休眠卵产量却最高。 2. 应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳技术和特异性染色方法对冬春季节 交替时期于不同时间采集的萼花臂尾轮虫克隆群进行了等位酶分析，并对 它们在不同温度下的生活史特征进行了比较研究。等位酶分析结果发现， PGM 电泳谱带在各克隆间并未显现任何差异，而 GPI 和 MDH 在各批次轮 虫克隆中均存在明显的差异，各克隆的发生频率在六批次间也有所不同。温 度对萼花臂尾轮虫存活率和繁殖率的影响在不同批次间存在着差异；各批 次轮虫的生命表参数对升高的温度的反应也有所不同；温度和批次以及两 者之间的交互作用均对轮虫的生命期望、平均寿命、世代时间、净生殖率、 内禀增长率和后代混交率有显著影响；除了第五批次轮虫的种群内禀增长 率外，各批次采集的轮虫生活史参数都与培养温度间呈明显的曲线相关。 关键词：萼花臂尾轮虫，季节交替时期，批次，温度，生殖参数，等 位酶，生活史特征 The mechanism study on fluctuation of Brachionus calyciflorus population in Lake Jinghu during seasonal alteration period Abstract The patterns of genetic variation in B. calyciflorus population collected at different dates during seasonal alteration period from Lake Jinghu were studied by allozyme electrophoresis, and their differences in reproductive parameters and life history characteristics at 7℃, 13℃, 19℃, 25℃ and 31℃ were investigated. The main contents were presented as the following: B. calyciflorus collected at different dates during seasonal alteration period from Lake Jinghu were studied by population accumulation culture method at 7℃, 13℃, 19℃, 25℃ and 31℃ to investigate the difference in productive parameters. The results showed that all rotifers could not survive at 31℃. Between 7 and 25℃, culture temperature, rotifer batch and their interaction all had significant effects on population growth, mixis rate, fertilization rate and resting egg production. There were some differences in responses of productive parameter to increasing temperature among rotifer batches. Except the fifth rotifer batch,