黄河兰州段沉积物对有机氯农药的吸附特性研究-环境科学专业论文.docxVIP

际上是同时发生的，各吸附剂对农药的吸附速率常数大于解吸速率常数，解吸存 际上是同时发生的，各吸附剂对农药的吸附速率常数大于解吸速率常数，解吸存 在滞后性，造成农药在环境中长距离迁移。 (2)利用Henry、Freundlich和Langmuir吸附模型对各吸附剂在所研究条件 下吸附HCH和DDT的吸附热力学数据进行拟合，结果表明：在所研究的浓度范 围内，Henry、Freundlich和Langmuir吸附模型均可较好的拟合HCH和DDT在 表面沉积物上吸附的热力学数据，这体现了其吸附行为的复杂性；由相关系数可 知，Henry线性模型对HCH和DDT在腐殖酸、蒙脱石上吸附的热力学数据拟合 较好。各吸附剂对HCH和DDT的吸附结果的比较研究显示，各吸附剂对DDT 的吸附量大于对HCH的吸附量；各吸附剂对HCH的吸附能力为腐殖酸蒙脱石 表层沉积物；对DDT的吸附能力为，蒙脱石腐殖酸表层沉积物，说明沉积物 中腐殖酸和粘土矿物含量越多，沉积物的吸附能力更强。 (3)通过正交设计法，讨论吸附质浓度、吸附剂浓度、温度、pH值等对HCH 和DDT的吸附行为影响实验中发现，各吸附剂对吸附质HCH的单位吸附量并无 显著性差异；表面沉积物吸附DDT的影响因素中，吸附质和吸附剂含量有显著 性差异，吸附质与单位吸附量正相关，吸附剂与单位吸附量呈负相关；腐殖酸和 蒙脱石吸附DDT的影响因素中，吸附剂含量存在显著性差异。其他因素如温度、 酸度、沉积物粒度、有机质含量也有一定的影响。 关键词：黄河兰州段；有机氯农药；表层沉积物；腐殖酸；蒙脱石；吸附；解吸 ⅡI AbstractThe Abstract The sediment in aquatic environment is not only the main media for organic pollutants to transport and transform， but also playing an important role in environmental fate and bioavailability,which also closely related to the human life．In addition，the pollutants sorption，degradation and transport on the sediment will have an important effects on their behavior and fate in aquatic environment，furthermore， these processes are connected and influenced to each other． With the scientific advances and growing environmental pollution，persistent organic pollutants become more hot spot involving in their environmental bebavior research·Organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)are mostly used as insecticides and mainly include HCH and DDT,in addition，nine organochlorine pesticides are listed in the prefered controlled POPs．Lanzhou actually has a long history for using these two OCPs and the OCPs of Yellow River in Lanzhou mainly come from the waste water of agricultural pesticide use and the emissions of enterprises production to rain．The behavior and fate of OCPs in the aquatic environment are influenced by degradation， sorption，desorption and transport processes．Therefore，to study the sorption and desorption behaviors has a significant theoretical worth for understanding their environmental fate，as