黄土地区公路洞穴致灾力学机理研究-地质工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 在西部黄土地区公路建设规模日趋宏大，而黄土洞穴的发育使路基、桥涵、 公路隧道及边坡支挡工程等的稳定性受到严重威胁，找到有效快捷的防治措施势 在必行，本文结合科研项目，研究黄土洞穴公路致灾力学机理，具有一定的理论 和实际意义。主要研究成果如下： (1)黄土洞穴分布及成因机制的研究：综合前人研究成果，系统总结了黄 土洞穴的成因、分类和分布规律，总结各类黄土洞穴的形成模式并对其形成机制 和过程作了深入探讨。 (2)公路洞穴的致灾力学机理研究：在对陕甘黄土高原区公路沿线黄土洞 穴详细调查基础上，研究了公路洞穴分布规律、危害分类及致灾特点；公路洞穴 对边坡及路基的致灾机理，重点是路基暗穴致塌机理，并提出了“潜蚀效应”等 十种致塌机制：利用极限平衡原理导出路基暗穴临界处理厚度计算公式如下： 。，‰“2———■i—一(ay—c)+、／(ay—c)2+2aq—( 针对不同地区不同地层，对不同尺寸和埋深的暗穴，进行了路基暗穴临界处理厚 度的计算。并对造成路基暗穴塌陷的敏感性因素进行分析，为研究公路洞穴的有 效防治措施提供了可靠依据。 关键词： 黄土洞穴 公路灾害 力学机理 临界处理厚度 AbstractIn Abstract In western loess area highway construction scale mighty becoming．and because of the development of loess tunnel，the stability of roadbed，bridges and culverts， highway tunnel and sideslope is threaten seriously．Find effective swift．prevention and cure measures imperative，this paper combines the scientific research projcots，studies the mechanics mechanism of loess tunnel calamity in highway,it is very valuable in theory and practice．The main research contents arc as follows： (1)Research on loess tunnel distribution and origin cause of formation： Synthesize forefather research results，summarize loess origin cause of formation， classification and distributing laws ofloess tunnel systematically．All kinds offorming mode of loess tunnel are summarized and their forming mechanism and course are discussed profoundly． (2)Study on the mechanics mechanism of the calamity caused by the cave of the highway：Based on the investigation in detail along the line of the highway in Shan—Gan loess plateau，The distribution law,the classification and characteristic of hazard of hi【ghway cave are presented；the calamity mechanisan of highway cave opposite side slope and road bed is discussed，especially the mechanism of collapsing ofthe hidden cave in road bed．Propose”the effect ofhidden corrosion”．etc．10 kiinds send to mechanism ofcollapsing．Based On the principle of limit balance，the formula ofthe critical treating thickness ofhidden cave is put forward as follows： H。。：—(ay