教室室内最佳混响时间的研究.docx

第 28 卷第 1 期 声 学 技 术 Vol.28, No.1 2009 年 2 月 Technical Acoustics Feb., 2009 教室室内最佳混响时间的研究 宋拥民 1，祝培生 2，盛胜我 3 （1. 上海现代建筑设计(集团)有限公司章奎生声学设计研究所，上海 200041； 2. 大连理工大学建筑与艺术学院，大连 116024；3．同济大学声学研究所，上海 200092） 摘要：信噪比和混响时间是影响教室室内语言清晰度的主要因素，教室室内信噪比的最佳下限值已有研究结果，但 教室室内最佳混响时间仍未形成一致的看法。对教室虚拟声环境下的语言清晰度试验结果进行方差分析，并运用实 验心理学的组间数据两两配对比较法，对不同混响条件下的平均语言清晰度得分进行了差异显著性检验，结果表明 在高信噪比条件下，体积不超过 2003 的教室中频混响时间控制在 0.6s 左右室内听闻效果最佳。 关键词：语言清晰度；信噪比；混响时间；教室；虚拟声环境；显著性差异 中图分类号：TU112 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-3630(2009)-01-0048-05 Research on optimal reverberation time in classrooms SONG Yong-min1, ZHU Pei-sheng2, SHENG Sheng-wo3 (1. ZHANG Kui-sheng Acoustic Design and Research Studio, Shanghai XianDai Architectural Design(Group) Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200041, China; School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China) Abstract: Signal-to-noise ratio and reverberation time are the important factors that influence the speech articulation in classrooms. There is no the consensus of opinion about the optimal reverberation time in classrooms while the consensus about the optimal lower limit of signal-to noise ratio is reached. Speech articulation tests have been done in various virtual classrooms where the reverberation times are different from each other. Variance of articulation index scores in each test are analyzed. And then the significant differences of means between group data are tested with the pair matching comparison method which is idiomatic in the field of experimental psychology. The analytical results show that the optimal reverberation time of mid frequencies in the classroom with a volume of less than 200 m3 and a signal noise ratio of higher than 20dBA is about 0.6 seconds. Key words: speech articulation; signal-to-noise ratio; reverberation time; classroom; virtual listening environment; dif- ference significance 1 引 言 教室声学问题是当前建筑声学领域的一个研 究热点，国内外对教室声学也进行了大量研究[1]。 目前教室声学研究的重点已经从室内外噪声源种 类及其影响的分析转