曼昆经济学原理第5版中文课件陈宇峰编译第13章-文档资料.ppt

* * The following might be helpful: After the first paragraph displays, pick a Q a little to the left of QA. From this Q, go up to the ATC curves. Notice that cost per unit is lower for the small factory than the medium one. The firm may be stuck with a medium factory in the short run, but in the long run – if it wishes to produce this level of output – it will choose the small factory to have the lowest cost per unit. Hence, for Q QA, the LRATC curve is the portion of ATCS from 0 to QA. After the second paragraph displays, pick a Q a little to the right of QA. From this Q, go up to the ATC curves. Notice that cost per unit is lower for the medium factory than the small one. The firm may be stuck with a small factory in the short run, but in the long run – if it wishes to produce this level of output – it will choose the medium factory to have the lowest cost per unit. Hence, for QA Q QB, the LRATC curve is the portion of ATCM from QB to QA. The same type of argument illustrates the logic in the third paragraph. * * This slide is not intended to be part of the presentation, but you or your students might be interested in seeing the numbers behind the graphs. THE COSTS OF PRODUCTION * 例 2: 平均总成本 88.57 80 76 77.50 86.67 110 $170 n/a ATC 620 7 480 6 380 5 310 4 260 3 220 2 170 1 $100 0 74.29 14.29 63.33 16.67 56.00 20 52.50 25 53.33 33.33 60 50 $70 $100 n/a n/a AVC AFC TC Q 0 平均总成本(ATC) ：等于总成本除以产量 ATC = TC/Q 也等于， ATC = AFC + AVC THE COSTS OF PRODUCTION * Usually, as in this example, the ATC curve is U-shaped. $0 $25 $50 $75 $100 $125 $150 $175 $200 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 数量 成本 例 2: 平均总成本 88.57 80 76 77.50 86.67 110 $170 n/a ATC 620 7 480 6 380 5 310 4 260 3 220 2 170 1 $100 0 TC Q 0 THE COSTS OF PRODUCTION * 例 2: 所有的成本曲线 0 AFC AVC ATC MC $0 $25 $50 $75 $100 $125 $150 $175 $200 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 数量 成本 主动学习 3 成本的计算 * 完成下面这个表格空缺的地方 210 150 100 30 10 VC 43.33 35 8.33 260 6 30 5 37.50 12.50 150 4 36.67 20 16.67 3 80 2 $60.00 $10 1 n/a n/a n/