驾驶员-车辆Agent微观换道行为的建模-模式识别与智能系统专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 I I 摘 要 车辆换道模型是微观交通仿真的最基本模型之一。换道行为是驾驶员根据自 身的驾驶特性，通过周围车辆的车速、间隙等周边环境信息的刺激以调整策略并 完成自身驾驶目标的综合过程。 换道行为直接影响到道路的车流量和密度，许多交通现象的产生都伴随有换 道行为，换道模型构造的质量在很大程度上决定着微观交通仿真系统的可靠性。 路径选择是任何一个驾驶员出行都会遇到的问题，对其进行深入研究，找到适合 于局部动态路网环境下驾驶员进行路径选择所需的路径搜索算法具有应用意义。 本文旨在研究并实现城市微观交通仿真系统中的微观换道模型，并进一步对 驾驶员的路径选择行为进行研究。论文的主要工作如下： （1）深入研究了驾驶员的生理心理特性和车辆的动力特性，运用 Agent 理论 对驾驶员-车辆单元进行建模，建立了驾驶员-车辆 Agent（DV-Agent）混合体系结 构，并描述了 DV-Agent 间的通信机制。 （2）运用模糊理论对 DV-Agent 的微观换道行为进行了模糊建模，包括自由 换道行为的模糊建模和强制换道行为的模糊建模。采集城市交通中换道行为的现 场数据，建立了合理的仿真环境对本文所提出的模糊换道模型的有效性进行了验 证。 （3）进一步研究 DV-Agent 的动态路径选择问题。在 A*算法中引入方向信息， 并考虑实际的交通环境，给出了复杂动态交通环境下基于矢量夹角的局部路径搜 索算法，以搜索到合理的新路径供 DV-Agent 进行路径选择，最后通过仿真实验来 验证该算法的有效性。 关键词：换道模型 驾驶员-车辆 Agent 模糊理论 路径选择 Abstract Abstract II II ABSTRACT Lane-changing model is one of the most fundamental models in microscopic traffic simulation, which describes adjustment and implementation of driving goals through interaction with the traffic environment such as the speed and gap of its surrounding vehicles according to driver’s personal characteristics. Lane-changing behavior directly affects the traffic conditions in urban road network, so that some traffic phenomena emerges with drivers’ lane-changing behavior. Lane-changing model will have great influences on the reliability of the microscopic traffic simulation system. Route selection is one of the vital problems faced by any driver under dynamic traffic environment. It is used to find a path algorithm for driver’s route selection in local dynamic road networks. This dissertation aims to study and implement a microscopic lane-changing model for urban traffic microscopic simulation system, as well as the driver’s route selection. The work of this dissertation is as follows: The behavioral characteristics of drivers and vehicles are studied at first and a Driver-Vehicle Agent hybrid architecture is presented based on Agent theory, the communication mechanism of the Driver-Vehicle Agents is also addressed. A fuzzy lane-changing model is proposed for