中国股份制商业银行核心竞争力分析——基于主成分分析.doc

-2- 中国股份制商业银行核心竞争力分析 ——基于主成分分析 1 - 摘 要 我国股份制商业银行的建立是为了改善国有商业银行垄断格局，加速我国银行业的改革，经过将近二十年的发展，股份制商业银行已发展成为金融领域的重要组成部分，相较于大型国有银行，股份制商业银行有着比较完善和灵活的运营机制，能够更快地适应客户的多样化需求及市场调整。 虽然股份制商业银行近年来发展迅速，资产增长率及净利润增长率均保持在较高的水平，但由于资产总量基数相较于国有商业银行相差较远，并且创新能力也不具备突出优势，其发展水平并没有达到预期水平，因此，目前国有商业银行依旧占据大部分市场份额，保持着垄断地位，并且国有商业银行在利率市场化进程中也在积极寻求改革，竞争力也得到显著增强，同时，外资银行国际化的经营管理和投资战略优势明显，更加剧了股份制商业银行的生存压力。 对此，股份制商业银行应保持忧患意识，继续深化改革,发挥优势,注重核心竞争力的培养，打造特色化、差异化的经营营销方式，提高其竞争力水平，才能在今后的竞争中站稳脚尖。因此，对我国股份制商业银行核心竞争力进行研究，并提出有针对性的政策建议，不仅对股份制银行本身具有重要作用，而且对于可以促进国内金融业稳定。 本文立足于现实，借鉴国内外机构和学者的研究成果,通过选取5家大型商业银行和11家股份制商业银行2012年9大财务指标作为样本，运用SPSS主成分分析法客观地分析和评价我国股份制商业银行盈利性、流动性、安全性和成长性方面的竞争力状况，并提出了相应的改进建议。 关键字：股份制商业银行；核心竞争力；主成分分析 Abstract Establishing Chinese joint-stock commercial banks is to improve the monopoly structure of state-owned commercial banks and promote the revolution of banking industry. After approximately twenty years, joint-stock commercial banks have been important parts of Chinese banking industry. Joint-stock commercial banks have relatively perfect and advanced management so that they can satisfy the diversity of demand of customers and adapt to the market quickly. Although joint-stock commercial banks have developed rapidly, and the asset growth rate and net profit growth rate remain at a high level, due to the smaller size of asset scale and lack of advantage of innovation ability, they haven’t reached the desired level. The major part of financial assets is still possessed by the state-owned commercial banks, and they also actively make efforts to improve their competitiveness. At the same time, foreign banks have clear advantages over joint-stock commercial banks in management and operations strategy. So joint-stock commercial banks are under big pressure. Therefore, joint-stock commercial banks should continue to deepen the reform and attach weight to core competitiveness. It is very essential to study the joint-stock commercial banks’ core competitiveness and put forward effect