黄海水温与环流变化特征及机制研究-物理海洋专业毕业论文.docx

黄海水温与环流变化特征及机制研究 黄海水温与环流变化特征及机制研究 PAGE PAGE 2 强度是影响冬季水温与热含量整体水平高低的直接因素，主要的影响机制为东亚 冬季风减弱，引起海气热输送中潜热分量的减小，使得水温整体水平升高。大尺 度气候变化如北极涛动的相位变化引起大气环流的跃迁，影响东亚大槽的强度与 位置变化，进而以影响东亚冬季风为中间途径，对黄海的水温状况产生影响。夏 季水温从冷相位向暖相位的跃迁发生在 1994 年。加热季节水温的增量主要取决 与短波辐射通量的年际变化，大气活动中心如副热带高压的位置变化通过引起云 量的变化改变海表面加热状况，最终影响跃层以上水体的温度变化。跃层以下的 黄海冷水团主要为冬季残留，但仍受到表面加热和侧向混合的影响。从总体上看， 黄海受到来自大气和海洋两方面长期变化的影响，其中大气的影响更为显著，今 后黄海水温整体水平长期变化的研究应着重从大气强迫的角度进行。 通过敏感性模拟和分析，证明黄海暖流是局地季风驱动的正压补偿流。黄海 暖流的变化与对马暖流没有直接的关系，不是黑潮分支。暖水和暖流都是对季风 系统的响应，但前者主要受海面热通量变化影响，后者是受风应力变化影响。两 者的年际变化是解耦的。季风强的年份，黄海暖流强，整体水温偏低。黄海暖流 路径受到冬季风纬向分量的影响有很大年际变化，推测其与东亚大槽的偏折存在 联系。 关键词: 水温，环流，年际与年代际变化，机制研究，黄海 Forcing Mechanisms of Seasonal to Decadal Variations of Oceanic Temperature and Circulation in the Yellow Sea Abstract The response of regional oceans to large-scale climate changes has become a key problem in studies of global environmental and ecosystem changes. The large-scale climate change could influence the regional oceans through either oceanic or atmospheric pathways. As a semi-enclosed marginal sea of the Northwestern Pacific, the Yellow Sea (YS) is located in the East Asian Monsoon region and is adjacent to the prominent west boundary current Krushio and its shelf circulation branches. Seawater temperature and circulation are primary parameters representing ocean dynamics. The characteristics of temperatures and circulation variability in the YS have been extensively studied by many previous studies based on observational, modelling and analytic approaches. Regarding the mechanisms of the variability, controversial ideas still exist, hence further studies are required. This thesis aims to describe the characteristics and explore the forcing mechanism of the seasonal, inter-annual and decadal variations of water temperature and circulation in the YS using a novel ocean model. The model is based on the Nucleus of European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO). In order to include the influence of both large-scale and regional forcing, a two-way nested