论中学生历史批判意识的形成及批判思维的培养-历史教育专业毕业论文.docxVIP

ABSTRACTHistorical ABSTRACT Historical critical thinking in high school refers to a kind of ef．fectiVe cognition actiVity which is achieVed by the students who sit in me correct judement through the cognition and processing of me brain on historical facts and Viewpoints of historical materialism．It holds sway in quality—oriented education and creativity—o“ented e(1uction．It is of great importantance in history study． Firstly，it can smash the shackles of families、sch001s、sub—culture of society to the sudents’ historical thinking． ● Secondly，it can help improVe the students’ creative thinking 、 ability，and lay a foundation for the development of creative talents． Thirdly，we can establish an entirely new system of historical knowledge by means of criticis m．It is of benefit to fom a regular and scientific system of historical knowledge． Fourthly，it can help the stUdents to f．onn the ha【bit of initiatiVe studying ，and s拄en戬hen the masteW of historical theories and consciousness of practice． FiRhly，it can enhance t11e students’thinl(ing virtues．Let them l(Ilow mat practice giVes binh to tme l(Ilowledge ajld be skill如l at minking for themselVes． Ⅱ In In the history teaching of mo dem high school，we should improVe me students’ historical critical consciousness仃om critical needs，critical motives， critical enthusiasm and critical belief Let them form the historical critical consciousness and develop the students’ critical minking and ability as well． Key Words： Critical consciousness critical thidking Critical—oriented education stmcturalism doctrines／theory l Ⅲ 论中学生历史批判意识的形成及批判思维的培养论中学生历史批判意识的形成 论中学生历史批判意识的形成及批判思维的培养 论中学生历史批判意识的形成 及批判思维的培养 引言和文献综述 在《九年义务教育历史课程标准》中，历史教育课程的基本理念 确定为：“历史课程应使学生获得基本的历史知识和能力，培养良好 的品德和健全的人格。” “历史课程改革应鼓励教师创造性地探索 新的教学途径，改进教学方法和教学手段，组织丰富多彩的教学实践 活动 《普通高中历史课程标准》指出高中应“培养学生探究 历史问题的能力和实事求是的科学态度，提高创新意识和实践能力。” ①因此，在历史学习中，良好品德和健全人格的培养固然是其重要目 标，但学习能力和历史思维能力的培养也是不容忽视。 2004年9月，高中课程改革率先在广东、山东、海南、宁夏四 省开始实验以来，课程改革的重点首先放在对历史教育目标的改变 上，即由知识、能力、思想三个目标转变为过程与方法