煤沥青热解缩聚行为研究及炭质冷捣糊的开发-化学工艺专业毕业论文.docxVIP

武汉科技大学硕士学位论文摘 武汉科技大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 通过TGA对煤沥青的热失重过程进行了研究，分析了煤沥青的热解缩聚特征，并对中 温沥青和改质沥青热解缩聚行为进行了比较，研究了升温速率对煤沥青热解缩聚的影响， 发现快速升温使煤沥青组份更多地分解逸出，不利于提高煤沥青的结焦值。研究了气氛对 煤沥青热解缩聚的影响，发现在氮气流中煤沥青更容易发生热解反应，导致煤沥青热解失 重增加。 比较研究了硝基芳烃化合物添加剂对冷捣糊用粘结剂的改性效果，优化筛选出2，4一 二硝基甲苯和间二硝基苯作为冷捣糊用糙结剂改性的添加剂，结果发现这两类芳香族硝基 化合物的添加显著提高了粘结剂的结焦残炭值，改性粘结剂结焦值高达4％～7％，同时添加 剂还具有一定的增塑效应，这两类添加剂的合适用量为5％左右。 通过改性粘结剂的热解失重试验分析，研究了硝基芳烃化合物对粘结剂热解缩聚反应 历程的影响，初步探讨了硝基芳烃化合物改善粘结剂焦化缩聚性能的机理，认为其所含硝 基基团具有强吸电子性能和高氧化态反应性是催化粘结剂中芳烃化合物分子焦化缩聚的 根本原因，随着硝基基团数量增多，其催化焦化缩聚效果更佳。 芳香族硝基化含物具有与粘结剂芳烃化合物分子类似的结构组成，更有利于改善粘结 剂的使用性能和炭素糊料的质量，添加剂的加入使炭糊生坯在焙烧过程中热解失重明显降 低，从而有效地提高了炭糊焙烧坯的体积密度，导致炭糊焙烧坯抗压强度提高了13％．44％， 极大地改善了低温炭素冷捣糊的使用性能。 关键词：TGA；煤沥青：热解缩聚：改质；冷捣糊：粘结剂；芳香族硝基化合物： The The processes of thermal weight loss of coal-tar pitches are studied by means of TGA．The characteristics of pyrolysis condensation of coal-tar pitches are analyzed．The character of pyrolysis condensation ofmedium pitch is compared with that ofmodified pitch．The influences of heating rate on the pyrolysis condensation of coal-tar pitches are investigated．It is found that rapid heating results in more constituents of coal—tar pitches evolving and is unfavourable to the enhancement of coking value of coal-tar pitches．The effect of atmospheres on the pyrolysis condensation of coal-tar pitches is studied．The results show that coal-tar pitches pyrolyze more easily in N2 flow,which results in increasing ofthermal weight loss ofcoal—tar pitches． The modification effects of aromatic nitro—compounds on the binder used for cold damming paste have been comparatively studied．2，4一dinitro toluene and meta-dinitrobenzene have been optimized as modification additNes 0fthe binder．h is shown that the addition oftwo kinds of additives increases markedly the coking value of binder,which increasement is as many as 4％一7％．Moreover，the additives can improve the plastic property of binders，The suitable additives content is about 5％． Through the thermo—gravimetric analysis of binders，effect of aromatic nitro．compounds on the rea