面向传感器网络的密钥管理和入侵预防检测研究-模式识别与智能系统专业毕业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 摘 摘 要 摘 要 传感器网络在军事、环境、健康、交通和商业领域应用前景非常广泛。由于传感 器节点资源有限，复杂的安全算法无法应用在传感器网络中，其安全问题面临严峻挑 战。因此，对传感器网络安全机制的研究有重要意义。 本文分析了传感器网络面临的多种攻击，结合传感器网络自身特点给出了传感器 网络的安全解决方案。首先对传感器网络的随机密钥预分配方案进行了研究，给出了 一种基于组群的传感器网络密钥随机预分配方案，相对于己有的密钥预分配方案，本 文给出的方案在不占用更多节点资源的情况下，具备更好的安全性能，能显著地提高 网络的安全连通性，降低网络的能耗，并且方案还支持大规模传感器网络。另外，还分 析传感器网络中的消息认证协议，并给出一种感知消息认证方法。传感器网络采集数 据比较多，感知消息数量大，且重复性高，重要性不同于控制消息，因此采用密钥链认 证方法。该方法在保证消息安全地到达目的地情况下，减少了整个过程的计算量、存 储量以及通信开销，从而提高了执行效率。 最后针对己有的入侵检测方案不足，给出了一种基于信任机制的分簇传感器网络 入侵检测方案。该方案以节点行为为依据，同时引入信任机制，减少了计算量，更能 准确的判断网络中存在的攻击，从而提高了检测恶意节点攻击的成功率，降低误报率。 实验验证了该方案减少了检测过程中的计算和通信开销，能够实现实时检测，具有较 高的检测准确度。 关键词:传感器网络; 网络安全; 密钥管理; 消息认证; 入侵预防与入侵检测. 万方数据 I – – – PAGE IV – 万方数据 Abstract Sensor Networks has wide applications in military affairs, environment detecting, health affairs, transportation and commercial fields. Because of the highly resource- constrained sensor nodes, the complex security algorithms can not be applied in sensor networks. This is a serious challenge for sensor networks security. Therefore, it is significant to study the security mechanism of sensor networks. This paper analyzes the various threats that sensor networks confronted, combin- ing the characteristics of sensor networks, the solutions of security in sensor networks are proposed. Firstly, we study random key pre-distribution schemes intensively. Considering problems existed in some key-management schemes, a new key management scheme for sensor networks based on group-based is proposed. Compared with the previous schemes of key management, this scheme uses less resource, and improves the security and connectivity in sensor networks evidently, reduces network energy. Moreover, this scheme can sustain large-scale networks. In addition, message authentication protocol is analyzed.And a sensed data au- thentication method is proposed.Because there are many sensed data in the network,their repetition are higher than control messages ,but weightiness are lower. The method re- duces computati