空气扰动对飞秒激光非线性成丝的影响研究-光学专业毕业论文.docx

摘 要 近年来，随着超短、超强激光脉冲技术的飞速发展，在这个发展过程中超短、超 强激光脉冲与物质相互作用出现了很多新现象并已开始应用。而其中大部分的应用都 是基于飞秒激光在透明介质或弱非线性介质中长距离传输。本文主要阐述空气扰动对 飞秒激光成丝的影响研究。 首先对飞秒激光在空气中传输的物理机制进行了阐述，然后分别对在空气是传输 时出现的非线性现象，以及飞秒激光脉冲与物质相互作用的相关应用加以介绍。 其次对空气扰动的基本性质、以及对飞秒激光传输的影响研究进展进行概述。在 实验方面，本文对飞秒激光细丝的荧光光谱、荧光寿命，以及远距离传输时的指向稳 定性，超连续光谱进行了测量。并通过对等离子体细丝的不同位置施加空气扰动、改 变激光重复频率等方式与未扰动环境下进行对比，系统的研究了空气扰动对飞秒激光 传输的影响。 关键词：飞秒激光、等离子体细丝、指向稳定性、超连续光谱 Abstract In the recent years,with the repaid development of ultra-short and ultra-intense lasers technology,they have been interacing with matters to produce a lot of phenomenon which has been used.Most applications are based on the femtosecond laser in transparent medium or weak nonlinear medium with long-distance transmission.This article mainly expounds air turbulence research on the influence of the femtosecond laser.Firstly,femtosecond laser pulse with matters and related applications.Secondly the basic nature of the disturbance of air as well as the impact on the femtosecond laser transmission research progress are concluded.In the experiment the fluorescence spectrum of femtosecond laser filaments,fluorrescence lifetime and point to the stability of long-distance transmission supercontinuum spectrum were measuerd.Through the different position of plasma filaments exerting air disturbance,which change the way such as the laser repetition frequency compared with undisturbed environment,systematical research of the air turbulence effects on femtosecond laser transmission has been expounded. Key word :femtosecond laser，plasma filamment，point to the stability， supercontinuum spectrum 目 录 摘 要 ABSTRACT 目 录 第一章 绪 论 1 1.1 引言 1 1.2 飞秒激光等离子体细丝的概述 1 1.3 飞秒激光远距离传输的重要应用 2 1.3.1 激光诱导放电 2 1.3.2 激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS） 3 1.3.3 激光雷达 3 1.4 空气扰动对飞秒激光传输的研究进展 3 1.4.1 飞秒激光与云雾、气溶胶相互作用的研究 4 1.4.2 飞秒激光与大气湍流相互作用的研究 4 1.5 本论文主要研究内容 6 第二章 飞秒激光在空气介质中传输的基本原理 8 2.1 飞秒激光在空气中的传输机制 8 2.1.1 克尔自聚焦 8 2.1.2 多光子电离 9 2.1.3 等离子体散焦 9 2.2 飞秒激光成丝的主要物理模型 10 2.2.1 自引导模型 10 2.2.2 运