马铃薯发酵制备有机融雪剂的工艺研究-应用化学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

中北大学学位论文 中北大学学位论文 Studies on Preparation of Organic Deicers by Potato Fermentation ABSTRACT Snow is a very common natural phenomenon in winter, which has the potential of danger for the traffic and people, sometimes, it will bring enormous loss. At the last middle age, de-icing was found for reducing the losses caused by this natural phenomenon. It replaced the manual and mechanical methods to remove snow. There are two main de-icing salts at present. One is chloride de-icing salt, which is cheap and conventional. But extensively using it is also harmful for environmental. Another is organic de-icing, whose main ingredient is calcium acetate. A switch from chloride de-icing salt to calcium acetate for de-icing roads and highways would greatly decrease corrosion of automobiles, bridges, and highways, and deterioration of underground cables and pipes. Because of its high price, it can not be widely used, hence, the use of inexpensive fermentation substrates is critical. In this paper, the potato is used as fermentation substrate, which is cheap and widely. It is fermented by co-culture of yeast and acetic acid bacteria to produce acetic acid, and react with CaO to form calcium acetate. Calcium lactate and calcium acetate have similar performance. Calcium lactate also has some snowmelt function by extrapolating from the melting mechanism of calcium acetate. By choosing the appropriate strains and optimizing the main fermentation factors, the experiment improves the production of acid in potato fermentation experiment. By optimizing the experimental process, the result can improve the product yield. Optimal conditions of potato fermentation: yeast strain age is 16h; acetic acid bacteria strain age is 30h; fermentation temperature is 30℃; yeast and acetic acid bacteria are inoculated at the same time; yeast inoculums are 0.2%; acetic acid bacteria inoculums are 10%; liquid volume is 20%; the initial pH is 5.5. Acetic acid is obtained 5.98g/100mL in the optimal conditions