美国专利制度对专利主张实体影响与规制研究-经济法专业毕业论文.docxVIP

华中科技大学硕士学位论文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘 要 近年来，随着科技的持续发展和专利申请量的不断增长，众多专利经营公司也 开始迅速扩张，在为专利权人和专利使用者提供交易平台，促进技术转化的同时， 以营利为目的的专利主张实体（Patent Assertion Entities，PAE）则成为了专利经营公 司的“非良性衍生”，它们本身不从事研发生产，大肆收购专利，滥用专利诉讼， 通过手中持有的专利权对生产企业进行威胁，获取许可和赔偿金。专利主张实体的 出现违背了专利权设立的初衷，阻碍了技术与创新的发展。专利主张实体的滥诉也 逐渐成为一个全球性问题。 美国作为世界领先的科技大国，专利主张实体现象尤为明显，并且有向中国发 展的趋势。专利主张实体的出现与发展和美国特殊的专利法律环境密不可分，也使 得美国专利制度改革迫在眉睫。本文从美国专利制度环境下的专利主张实体商业模 式所带来的问题入手，通过分析美国部分政府报告和研究文献以及美国专利主张实 体的相关数据，研究美国专利制度对“专利主张实体”的影响与规制，运用对比分 析法，取美国专利制度之长，避其之短，结合我国国情提出完善我国专利制度的合 理建议，即制定合理的专利赔偿政策、平衡《反垄断法》和标准必要专利、提高专 利审查质量、促进权利人信息透明化和规范技术转让标准和审查流程，将有利于促 进我国专利经营企业的规范与良性发展。 关键词 专利主张实体；商业模式；危害；政策建议；专利政策改革 II II Abstract In recent years, with the sustainable development of technology and growing number of patent applications, numerous Non-Practicing Entities(NPEs) are founded in many countries, providing trading platform for patentees and patent users which can facilitate technology transfer, but as the non-benign derivative of NPE, the Patent Assertion Entities (PAEs) take advantage of patents to get profit. PAEs do not engage in RD, wantonly purchase patents and abuse patent litigation, they threats the productive enterprises with the holding patent rights to get an enormous sum of license fee and compensation. The appearance of PAEs contrary to the original intention of the establishment of the patent rights, hinder the development of technology and innovation. The problems of PAEs’ indiscriminate litigation have become a global problem. As the world’s leading scientific and technological power, United States has millions of patents ,it makes the problems of PAEs in U.S. become more and more stronger, and there is a trend that is towards to China. The inseparable relation of the emergence and development of PAEs and U.S. special patented legal environment, making the reform of U.S. patent system urgently needed. Research of U.S. development status and the latest action taken by the U.S. can provide us with important references and inspira