罗泽南哲学思想分析-英语语言文学专业毕业论文.docx

I I 摘 要 罗泽南不仅是晚清有名的湘军将领之一，同时还是晚清理学的重要代表人 物之一。但是，目前学术界对罗泽南的研究不是很重视，尤其对他的哲学思想 的研究更是如此。罗泽南潜心程朱理学几达 20 年，深入的探究周敦颐、张载、 程颢、程颐、朱熹等理学大师的著述，对理学的基本范畴、基本命题都作了详 尽的阐述，最终形成了自己的哲学思想体系。 他一生信守理学，在理气论方面，丰富和充实了朱熹对“太极”“理气”等哲 学范畴的理解，比如提出“天地人一太极”思想，在理气关系上，建立了一种 理气“不离不杂”的格局，而“不离”与“不杂”又表现为对立统一的关系。 另外，罗泽南还把理与气在天地万物中的具体作用概括为八个字，即气化万物， 理为主宰。 在心性论方面，首先，罗泽南对宋明理学的人性论遗产有一种自觉继承的 意识，他主张性善论，其“性即理”的命题，为他的性善论提供了本体依据； 在对“气质之性”的定义上，罗泽南与朱熹所定义的不同；其次，提出“心为 身之主宰” 和“心也者，理之次舍也”两个命题；最后，罗泽南还把心性关系 置于身、心、行、道这样一个更广的思维空间中考察，强调理为心性本体，让 他的心性论与理气论顺利地建立起连接。 在他的格物说中，他在谈“穷理”时是以“格物致知”作为方法,认识论与道德 论紧密联系,体现了理学思想的根本特点。 在伦理道德方面，罗泽南展开了对“仁”、“礼与乐”、“义与利”关系等多方面 的论述。其仁爱思想虽提倡人与人相爱，但更强调爱有差等，体现了罗泽南的 阶级局限性；在义与利上，罗泽南只看到利的消极一面，而忽视了其积极的一 面，是不全面的。 关键词：罗泽南； 理气； 心性；格物致知；道德 II II Abstract Luo Zenan was not only one of famous Xiangjun troops’ leaders but also a key spokesman for ethics of later Qing danasty.Up to now, however, few people have done research on him, especially on his philosophy thought. He had involved himself in Cheng-Zhu’s ethics for nearly two decades and carefully read works of many famous pioneers in this field, such as Zhou Dunyi, Zhang Zai, Cheng Ying, Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi etal. He had elucidated some basic ethical categories and propositions and finally established his own philosophy system. He firmly believed in ethics all his life. In principles and spirit theory, he had enriched and developed Zhu Xi’s comprehension in some ethical categories such as “the Great ultimate”, “principles and spirit” etal and had proposed the thought of “everything originates from the Great ultimate”. As for the relationship between principles and spirit, he thought the two are individual and meanwhile dependent on each other, which also means they are both opposite and unitary. In addition, Luo had summarized the roles of principles and spirit in the formation of everythings in the world into “ everything derives from spirit, and principles is in the charge.” In mind and nature theory, firstly, Luo had unconciously inherited the counterpa