重庆医科大学儿科学精品课程《呼吸系统疾病》课件：呼吸系统疾病-支气管哮喘(英文) .pptVIP

Bronchial Asthma Dr Enmei Liu Division of Respiratory Disorders Children’s Hospital Asthma is a Major Public Health Problem Nearly 5 million children have asthma (6.9% of children under 18) It is one of the most common chronic childhood illnesses It is a leading cause of school absences What is Asthma? A disease that: Is chronic Produces recurring episodes of breathing problems Coughing Wheezing Chest tightness Shortness of breath What are the Symptoms of Asthma? Shortness of breath Wheezing Tightness in the chest Coughing at night or after physical activity; cough that lasts more than a week Waking at night with asthma symptoms (a key marker of uncontrolled asthma) What Happens During an Episode of Asthma? The lining of the airways becomes swollen (inflamed) The airways produce a thick mucus The muscles around the airways tighten and make airways narrower What Makes Asthma Worse? Allergens Warm-blooded pets (including dogs, cats, birds, and small rodents) House dust mites Cockroaches Pollens from grass and trees Molds (indoors and outdoors) What Makes Asthma Worse? Irritants Cigarette smoke and wood smoke Scented products such as hair spray, cosmetics, and cleaning products Strong odors from fresh paint or cooking Automobile fumes and air pollution Chemicals such as pesticides and lawn treatments What Makes Asthma Worse? Infections in the upper airways, such as colds (a common trigger for both children and adults) Exercise Strong expressions of feelings (crying, laughing) Changes in weather and temperature Is There A Cure For Asthma? How Is Asthma Controlled? Follow an individualized asthma management plan Avoid or control exposure to things that make asthma worse Use medication appropriately Long-term-control medicine Quick-relief medicine How Is Asthma Controlled? Monitor response to treatment Symptoms Peak flow Get regular follow-up care How are Asthma Episodes Controlled? Know the signs that asthma is worsening Treat symptoms or drop in peak flow at first