论日本经济的二重结构-世界史专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 日本经济的“二重结构论”白出炉以来，引来多方讨论，至今依然是一个没 有过时的话题。所谓“二重结构”，简单来说，是指日本的大企业与中小企业之 间(有时也包括大企业正式员工和非正式员工之间)存在着较大的待遇差距。这 种待遇主要是指的工资，也包括劳动时间等其它方面。 二重结构是一个非常复杂的问题，它是一个多层次的立体结构，与许多因素 都有关联。本文以“工资差距”为体现二重结构状况的一个主要的风向标，从众 多因素中挖掘出最具日本特色的雇佣管理体制和承包制这两个因素，尤其是后 者，来进行展开分析，兼顾其它，来把握二重结构的产生、确立及发展的历史和 动因，并试图进一步触及其本质。 R本经济的二重结构自一战结束后形成，在二战时期由于国家权力的介入而 在全国范围内扩大并最终确立，在战后十年进一步恶化，以至引起R本学者和政 府的觉察和高度关注，提出了“二重结构”这一说法。60年代，两重问的差距 由于经济的高速成长，劳动力不足而大幅缩小，但因1973年的石油危机又迅速 扩大。而如今，二重结构依然存在，但状况已发生了较大变化，局面更加复杂化。 二重结构是与同本经济结构和本质息息相关的问题，了解这一问题也有助于 我们更深刻地理解日本的经济状况和经济思维，它未来的动向也值得我们持续地 关注下去。 关键词：二重结构 中小企业承包制雇佣管理体制。 中图分类号：K313．4 AbstractSince Abstract Since the thesis of the dual structure of the Japanese economy was put forward，it has drawn much debate and is still not an outdated topic．The SO·called“the dual structure”，in a nutshell，refers there is a large gap between the treatment of large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises in Japan(sometimes，also including between the formal and informal staff of large enterprises)．The treatment mainly refers to wages，also including working time and other aspects． The dual structure is a very complex problem．It is a multi—level stereoscopic structure，which associates many factors．This article uses“wage gap”as a main indicator tO reflect the condition of dual structure．It digs up two fhctors——the system of employment and management and the system of contracting，which have the most Japanese characteristics，especially the latter,from many factors and makes an analysis on the two factors to grasp the history and agents of the establishment and development of the dual structure and tries tO reach its nature further． The dual structure of the Japanese economy formed after the end of the World War I，expanded and eventually established throughout the whole country during the World War II because of the intervention of the state power．It deteriorated further in the post—war ten years and even leaded tO the awareness and attention of Japanese scholars and government．The