两个二能级原子与单模真空场相互作用的量子纠缠-理论物理专业论文.docxVIP

§O．1中文摘要在量子光学领域，对原子与光场相互作用系统中量子特性的研究 §O．1中文摘要 在量子光学领域，对原子与光场相互作用系统中量子特性的研究 一直吸引着人们的关注。本文研究了两个二能级原子与单模真空场相 互作用系统中的量子纠缠度，得到了一些有意义的结论。 第一章对原子与光场相互作用的研究历史作了简单回顾。从两个 二能级原子与单模真空场相互作用系统的哈密顿量出发，通过解 Schr6dinger方程，得到了系统的态矢、密度矩阵和子系统的约化密度 矩阵，建立了本文的工作模型。 第二章介绍了量子熵与量子纠缠的发展史，解释了量子熵与量子 纠缠的关系，阐述了量子熵与量子纠缠的基本理论。 第三章研究了两个二能级原子与单模真空场相互作用系统中的量 子纠缠。应用量子约化熵研究了两个二能级原子与单模真空场之间的 纠缠度；应用量子相对熵研究了双原子之间以及单个二能级原子和单 模真空场之间的纠缠度。结果显示： (1)这三种量子纠缠的时间演化相位相同，并呈现出周期性。 (2)这三种量子纠缠都依赖于原子问的偶极一偶极相互作用。偶极 一偶极相互作用的增强，引起纠缠度减少，纠缠频率加快。 关键词：量子纠缠，量子熵，二能级原子，单模真空场 §O．2 §O．2 Abstract In the quantum optics，the study of the quantum properties of the system of the atom interacting with the field has always attracted considerable attention．In this thesis，the degrees of the quantum entanglement in the’ system 0f two two-level atoms interacting with a single mode vacuum field are explored，and a series of significant results are obtained． Chapter 1 is a simple review of the history in research about the imeraction between atom and field．Based on the Hamiltonian of the interaction system，which includes the interaction between two two。level atoms and a single mode vacuum field，the state vector and the density matrix of the system，and the reduced-density matrices of the subsystems are obtained by solving its Schrrdinger equation，and the basic model of this problem is established． Chapter 2 is an introductory chapter which outlines the historical development of quantum entropy and quantum entanglement，and the relationship between the quantum entropy and quantum entanglement is explained．The basic theories about them are elaborated． Chapter 3 studies the quantum entanglement in the system of two two．1evel atoms interacting with a single mode vacuum field．The degree of the entanglement between two two—level atoms and the single mode II vacuum vacuum field is calculated by using the quantum reduced entropy theories． Furthermore，the degree of the entanglement between two two-level atoms， and that between a single two-level atom and a