伦理的本然与异化——以生活的观念统摄-外国哲学专业论文.docxVIP

伦 理 的 本 然 与 异 化 ——以生活的观念统摄 摘 要 伦理产生于一定的历史时空之中，它服务于特定历史时空中 的人们，以实现那些人们的共生共存为其本质和目的，因而任何现 实的伦理均带有着先天的历史性，是具体的和暂时的。历史时空是 不断扩展的，其中人性的要求也在不断地变化，历史不断吞并未知 的世界，从家庭到民族、到世界、到宇宙，它不断地演进，因而伦 理也必须超出自己的有限性，不断地调整自身以应对在新的情况下 人性对其共生共存目的的召唤。然而，伦理一旦产生，由于人们先 入之见的习惯性、以有限意见为根基的主体性以及特定集团在利益 驱使下对其的维护，使得现实的伦理呈现出某种保守的、排他的倾 向，而与其本质要求发生异化。然而,不管是伦理的先验本质、异 化现状还是其异化的扬弃之路，三者都统摄于生活之中：或在生活、 对话甚至斗争中促使新的伦理的产生；或在观念、境界中扬弃善恶 之二端，达于中道之自由 关键词：本然；伦理；异化；生活 Innate and Disassimilation of Ethics —Be Obsorbed by Living Abstract Ethics produces in the certain historical space and time . It serves the people who is in the specific historical space and time and realizes these peoples co-existence as its essence and the goal. Thus any realistic ethics is having the congenital historicity, isconcrete and temporary. The historical space and time is unceasingly expands, human natures request is also constant chang. The history unceasingly occupies the unknown world, from family to nationality, to world, to universe. lt has been unceasingly evoluting. So ethics also must surpass its own limit and unceasingly adjust itself to meet the summon of co-existence goal from people in the new situation. However, peoples habit of prejudice and the independent based as limited opinions as well as the maintenance to their own benefit from specific group, So Ethics once produces, it presents the tendency of some kind conservative nature and Exclusiveness and presents the disassimilation with the essence requests of ethics. No matter is the ethics prior essence, disassimilated present situation, turn its disassimilation to the good or, the three series all be absorbed by living. Or in the life, in the dialogue even in the struggles urges the new ethics the production; Or in the idea, in the ideological level, the parts of the good and the bad are discarded and finally it reaches freedom in the middle course Key words：Innate; Ethics; disassimilation; live 目 录 导 言 1 一、伦理在本然的状态下与人性和世界的和谐3 （一）“本然”概念的提出及其对伦理的意义3 （二）伦理在本然的状态下展开着与人性和世界的