声衍射层析有限形式重建算法及数值模拟-理论物理专业论文.docxVIP

abstractIn abstract In this thesis，first，a brief introduction is given，to diffraction tomography(DT)，including its meanmg，objective and significance．And then presented is a historical overview of the research on inverse scattering problems and DT．especially,current research work on them are discussed and the underlying ideas of several typical inverse scattering methods are expounded． The first—order Born and Rytov approximations have been wildly used in the past few decades． These two reconstruction methods，mduding Fourier diffraction theorem(FDT)are also described in some detail，because they are closely related to our reconstruction methods． For computer simulation of our new reconstruction algorithm，which is only valid for some special scatterers，the corresponding direct scattering data are indispensable and some are given for several scatterer models out of such consideration． The work of oulresearch on the generalized perturbation theories and reconstruction algo- rithms is summarized．The method of formal parameter expansion under Born transform and its reconstruction algorithm of acoustical diffraction tomography are presented．The computer simula- tions are also百yen and they show that its relative errors decrease remarkably compared with ones with the Born and Rytov approximations under the saIne scattering imeIl8itms．Finally,two impor— rant factors that affect this reconstruction method are di8cussed and the further work is under way keywords formal parameter expansion；acoustical inverse scattering；acoustical diffraction tomography；general inverse scattering perturbation theory 第一章绪论本章回答如下问题： 第一章绪论 本章回答如下问题： ·什么是衍射层析术(Diffraction Tomography，DT)?为什么要研究DT? ·逆散射和DT的研究是怎样建立和发展起来的? ·当前哪些工作代表着逆散射和DT问题的最新进展? ·本文的主要内容有哪些? §1．1引言 我们从“层析术”(Tomography)开始．在医学成像的早期研究中【1】， “Tomography”被定义为：一种应用X射线照相的诊断技术，其中，需被详细 检测的层面的前方和后方的结构不被显影．“Tomo”来自于希腊语“tomos”， 即“截面。剖面”的意思．而“graphy”则是“描绘，影像”的意思．现在，层析 术通常是指对被检测物体进行横断面成像，所用数据来自于当物体被来自于 多个方向的入射场照射时，所收集到的透射和(或)反射数据。当传统的X射 线显影技术同复杂的计算机