论我国民事证人制度的改革与完善-诉讼法学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 证人证言是民事诉讼中普遍使用的一种证据。在现代诉讼中， 证人出庭作证是实现实体公正与程序公正的必然要求。但长期以 来，由于我国民事诉讼立法的疏漏、司法实践对证人出庭作证缺乏 足够的重视以及理论上对证人制度鲜有深入探讨等原因，导致证人 拒不作证、拒不出庭、作伪证以及证言反复等现象普遍存在，成为 制约我国司法改革进一步深入的一大瓶颈。 文章分为四部分。首先对证人作证的理论基础进行了探讨，认 为证人出庭作证，既是其履行法定义务，又是其自身意志的实现； 证人出庭作证，不是法律的外在强制，而是维护社会共同利益的内 在需要，是证人对自身利益在诉讼领域的“投保”；证人出庭作证， 可以减少当事入和国家对诉讼的投入，从而提高诉讼效率，完全符 合诉讼经济原则。随后对英美法系和大陆法系的证人制度进行了比 较研究。文章第三部分分析了我国现行证人制度的缺陷与不足。在 此基础上，借鉴域外经验，立足本国现实，文章第四部分从证人主 体制度、证人出庭保障制度、证人作证程序和证人保障制度等方面 就完善我国的证人制度提出了自己的构想，以期推动司法改革的进 程和司法公正的实现。 关键词：民事诉讼证人权利义务 AbstractTestimony Abstract Testimony of witnesses IS a kind of evidence commonly adopted in civil litigation．In modern actions，witness appearing in court should be the prerequisite for realizing justice both in substance and procedure． However,on account of these facts that the defects in the legislation of civil procedural law；the negligence of witness appearing in court in judicial practice and little research on the system of witnesses in theory, the phenomenon that witnesses who refuse to give evidence or perjure or refuse to appear in court and repeat testimony has been more and more popular，which becomes the big bottleneck to the further judicial reform in our country． The article consists of four parts．First，the author,after discussing the foundation of theory of giving evidence by witness，thinks that giving evidence by witness in not only the legal obligation，but the realization of his own will；not only the external coerciveness of the law,but the internal needs of safeguarding common interests of the society and an insurance for the interests of the witness in litigation field．Moreover，it fully conforms to the principle of litigation economy；for it not only reduces the investment of the party and state in litigation，but enhance the efficiency of action．Then the author makes a comparative study on the systems of testimony of witness in Anglo--American law system and continental law system．In the third part of the article，the author analyses the defects and shortcomings