粮食原料生料发酵制乙醇的研究-化学工程专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要乙醇是用途最广和需求量最大的化学品之～，也是最有希望的成为未来石油的 中文摘要 乙醇是用途最广和需求量最大的化学品之～，也是最有希望的成为未来石油的 替代能源之一。随着农业生产的发展及环保的要求，石油资源的枯竭，再生清洁 能源受到了广泛的重视。其中燃料乙醇成为当今研究的热点。目前燃料乙醇无法 与汽油竞争，主要是价格过高，降低成本是燃料乙醇研究的关键。 传统的乙醇生产工艺中蒸煮和蒸馏工序能耗过大。而利用生料发酵将液化、糖 化和发酵三个工序合为一起，既简化了工艺过程(省略蒸煮)，又可以进行高浓度 发酵，可大大降低能耗。 本文利用玉米和稻谷原料进行生料发酵的研究。对影响生料发酵的各种因素进 行了系统的实验，确定了最佳的工艺条件。在稻谷生料发酵实验中，引入植酸酶， 发现植酸酶对乙醇发酵有促进作用。通过对发酵过程的研究，发现生料发酵过程 是边糖化边发酵，还原糖始终处于低水平，这有力得避免了染菌。 对于生料发酵，本文还进行了初步的发酵动力学探讨。通过实验，建立了生料 发酵的动力学模型。计算表明，模型计算值与实验的结果能较好的吻合。 关键词：乙醇生料发酵 玉米 稻谷 发酵动力学 ABSTRACTEthanol ABSTRACT Ethanol iS one of the chemicalS having the widest use and heaviest demand，and that of the most hopeful substitute for gasoline．With the development of agriculture and the demand of environment protect and the exhaustion of gasoline resource，the reproducible clean resource iS attached importance to．Therefore，the fuel ethanol iS becoming the research focus today．However，due to the high price，fuel ethanol has no competition with the mineral fuel at present，SO reducing the production cost iS the key of the fuel ethanol research． In traditional process of the fuel ethanol，the cook and distillation steps have the great energy consumption．The process of raw material fermentation that combines the three steps of 1iquefaction， saccharification and fermentation can not only simple the process(cut the cook process)but also ferment in high concentration，which greatly reduce the energy consumpt ion． ThiS paper studies on the raw fermentation using torn and paddy systemically experiments on many factors that effect on the raw fermentation and determine the best conditions of the process． In the raw paddy fermentation，phytase has been used and its accelerating effect on alcohol fermentation has been discovered．．Through．the study of the fermentation process，the raw fermentation progress in which saccharification and fermentation conduct at the same time iS discovered and in thiS progress，the deoxidized sugar is in the low level a11 the time， which has the advantage of avoi