上海版牛津初中英语8a c5,6.ppt

指示代词 指示代词包括: this, that, these, those 1. this 和these 一般用来指时间和空间上较近的事物或人, that 和those 则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人. This is a pen and that is a pencil. 2. 有时that 和those 指前面讲到过的事物, this和these 则指下面将要讲到的事物. I had a cold. That’s why I didn’t come. 3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词, 可用that 和those代替. Televisions made in China are just as good as those made in Japan. 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己, that 则代表对方. Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 单数可数名词变成复数的变法总结如下: 一般情况下在词尾加s. 例如: book----books boy----boys 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词加es. 例如: bus---buses watches 以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i 再加es. 例如: city---cities 但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词复数形式只加s. 例如: boy---boys 以o结尾的词多数加es. 例如:hero---heroes, potato---potatoes, tomato---tomatoes. 但词尾为两个元音字母的词只加s. 例如: radio---radios. 有些表示无生命事物的外来词只加s. 例如: photo---photos. 以f和fe结尾的词, 多数变f为v 再加es, 例如: knife---knives, leaf--- leaves, half---halves, scarf---scarves, life---lives. 不规则的复数形式. 例如: man---men woman---women tooth---teeth foot---feet child---children mouse----mice 单复数同形. 例如: Chinese, deer, fish, sheep. 有些集合名词形式上是单数, 但表示复数. 如: police, people, cattle. 有些名词只有复数形式. 如: glasses, goods, clothes, trousers, greens, arms. 表示某国人的复数变化如下: 中日不变, 英法变, 其他s加后面.例如: a Chinese—two Chinese a German---three Germans a Frenchwoman--- two Frenchwomen Exercise: Choose the best answer 1. The cars made in Japan are much cheaper than ______ made in America. A. ones B. those C. that D. it 2. The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than _____ in Harbin. A. that B. it C. this D. one 3. She had a bad cold. _____ is why she didn’t come. A. This B. That C. These D. Those 4. How many _____ are there in these _____? A. tomatoes, photoes B. tomatoes, photos C. tomatos, photos D. tomatoes, photo 5. The boss asked me to buy two _____ for his children. A. pair of shoes B. pairs of shoe