上海版牛津初中英语7bm1 unit 1(period 1).ppt

The natural elements 自然 环境 1 Controlling fire控制火灾 injured cigarette ends Alice and Peter are going to do a project about fire . Miss Gou has given them some questions to think about . -- Alice , Ive got some information on my computer about fire. -- Great . Some questions for you to think about. 4 What do workers use fire for in factories? 5 What do people do to rubbish in some places? 6 What may happen if we are not careful with fire? 7 What kind of people may cause hill fires? 1.the natural elements 天然要素 ;自然环境 2.controlling fire 控制火情 3.be injured 受伤 4.cigarette ends 烟头 5.do a project about… 做一个关于……的专题研究 6.think about 考虑 7.get some information about 得到关于……的信息 8.early men 早期人类 9.make a fire 生火 10.use… to do sth. = use… for doing sth. 使用……做某事 11.cook food 做饭 12.be careful with 对……小心 13.what kind of 什么样的 14.hill fires 山火 15.on the screen 在屏幕上 16.on the next page 在下一页 17.the answers to the questions问题的答案 Nowadays , people do not only use fire to cook food or boil water . In factories , workers use it to melt metals. Metals are melted so that they can be made into different shapes. 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如：Many people speak Chinese. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 二、被动语态的构成 (以speak为例) 助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词 一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken 一般过去时：was／were＋spoken 一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken 过去进行时：were／was being＋spoken 现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken 过去完成时：had been + spoken （情态动词＋be＋过去分词） 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 Some new computers were stolen last night.　 This bridge was founded in 1981. (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 This book was written by him. Your homework must be finished on 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。 All the people laugh at him. He is laughed at by