快时变信道下 OFDM 系统中的多普勒分集技术-通信与信息系统专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 近年来，由于具有频谱利用率高和抗频率选择性衰落等优点，OFDM 技术成 为无线通信领域的重要技术。但是，移动性支持越来越成为下一代无线通信系统 广泛考虑的重要特点，特别是高速铁路的快速普及。在通信终端高速移动的场景 下，信道的快速变化破坏 OFDM 子载波之间的正交性，导致载波间干扰(ICI)，对 系统性能产生严重影响。然而，快时变信道在带来 ICI 的同时，也带来了可利用的 分集增益。因此，研究快时变信道下 OFDM 系统中的多普勒分集具有重要意义。 本文对 OFDM 系统中现有的多普勒分集技术进行研究，通过分析发现：该类 分集技术虽然能够改善快变信道下的系统性能，但都只能实现部分分集增益。对 此提出了 OFDM 系统下的最大分集传输方案。并且设计出了预编码，通过发送端 预编码和接收端均衡相结合，可以实现最大的分集增益。通过仿真验证，所提方 法能够实现最大分集增益，性能明显优于现有的多普勒分集技术，而且最大分集 增益随分集阶的增大而增大。 OFDM 系统中的多径分集和多普勒分集通常需要借助于信道编码和预编码， 虽然能够达到很好的效果，可是需要在收发端进行编解码，复杂度太高。本文介 绍了基于过采样的 OFDM 系统，并针对最优接收机-最大似然接收机复杂度过高、 次优接收机-多普勒域块状判决反馈均衡接收机存在错误传播和残留干扰的问题， 提出采用迭代并行干扰消除接收机，以较低的复杂度实现双选信道下的多径和多 普勒分集，并通过仿真验证所提接收机能够在性能和复杂度之间实现良好的折衷。 关键字：高速移动 OFDM 载波间干扰 多普勒分集 Abstract Due to the high spectrum efficiency and resistance to the frequency selective fading and so on, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has become an important technology in the field of wireless communication in recent years. But mobility support is increasingly becoming an important characteristic widely considered by the next generation wireless communication systems, especially the rapid popularization of high-speed railway. Fast varying channel destroys the orthogonality between OFDM sub-carriers when communication terminal moves fast, which results in ICI that affects system performance seriously. However, fast varying channel brings utilizable diversity gain as well. Therefore the study of Doppler diversity techniques over fast varying channel in the OFDM system is of great significance. This thesis makes a study of the existing Doppler diversity techniques in the OFDM system. It is found out that this kind of diversity techniques can only achieve a part of the Diversity gain through analysis, although they can improve the system performance over fast varying channel. Therefore this thesis proposes a new transmission scheme in the OFDM system, which can achieve the full diversity gain by means of proposed precoding in the transmitter and equalization in t