非谓语的用法总结课件.docVIP

非谓语动词的用法总结 李靖 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）不是真正意义上的谓语动词，在句中都不能单独作谓 语。但都具有动词的某些特点， 可以有自己的宾语或状语， 构成非谓语动词短语。 不定式表目的， 表将来；动名词表主动，表进行；过去分词表被动，表完成。 一．作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加 being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数 ) 1）不定式、动名词都可做主语，但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作，可以是多次的 经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。如： Playingwith fire is dangerous.玩火危险。（泛指玩火） To play withfire will be dangerous.玩火会发生危险。 2）用动名词做主语的句型 : It ’s no use/no /gpol eoads u r e doing sth做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It ’s a waste of time doing做s.t.h. . 浪费时间 It is worth doing sth值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go去. 之前预约一下是值得的。 3）不定式做主语的句型 . It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较：表示人的品质时只能用 of sb 如 considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/w等r o单n g词出现 时。 It is silly of you to say so. It is important for us to learn English well. It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。 如： When to leavehasn’t been decided ye什t. 么时候动身还没定呢。 Whether to drive or take the trainis still a problem是. 自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题。 5） 一般情况下，不定式和动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 如： Seeing is believing.= To see is to believ眼e见为实。 . Planting flowers needs constant watering. 但and连接的多个动名词作主语，谓语动词大多用复数（如果前后动名词的语义一致， 谓语一般用单数）。如：Lying and stealing are immoral说. 谎与盗窃是不道德的。 6) 动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。 如： ----- What made him angry? ------ Mary’s /My/His/He/rTheir/ The boy ’s/ The president （’ms abdeei nhgi ml a taen g r y . 7）过去分词不能单独做主语，前面必须加上 being，构成动名词，做主语。如： Being exposed to the suisnharmful to the skin. Being examined twice a yearw,hether it is a car, a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this cit.y 经典练习： 1 1. It’s important for the figures_________ (update) regularly. 2. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times wh’ensitbetter ______(remain) silent. 3. It’s really stupid of you _______（tell）him the news yesterday so it has been disturbing him all the time. 4. ___________(understand)your own needs and st