内部控制和现金(英文版).pptVIP

INTERNAL CONTROL AND CASH 内部控制和现金 Define internal control. Principles of internal control. Internal control to cash receipts. Internal control to cash disbursements. Operation of a petty cash fund. Control features of a bank account. Prepare a bank reconciliation. Internal control consists of the plan of organization and all the related methods and measures adopted within a business in order to: 1 safeguard its assets and 2 enhance the accuracy and reliability of its accounting records. Establishment of responsibility 责任的建立: control is most effective when only one person is responsible for a given task. Segregation of duties职责的分离: the work of one employee should provide a reliable basis for evaluating the work of another employee. Documentation procedures过程证据化: documents should provide evidence that transactions and events have occurred. Physical, mechanical, and electronic controls 物理控制: relate primarily to the safeguarding of assets and enhancing accuracy and reliability of the accounting records. Independent internal verification 独立的内部验证: the review, comparison, and reconciliation of information from two sources. Other controls其他控制: bonding of employees who handle cash, rotating轮换 employee’s duties, and requiring employees to take vacations休假. To obtain maximum benefit from independent internal verification: 1 The verification should be made periodically or on a surprise basis. 2 The verification should be done by an employee who is independent of the personnel responsible for the information. 3 Exceptions should be reported to a management level that can take appropriate corrective action. Independent internal verification is often assigned to internal auditors内部审计师. Internal auditors evaluate the effectiveness of the company’s system of internal control on a continuous basis. Internal auditing is a professional activity within a company, often with direct ac