世界银行与贫困问题的全球治理.doc

世界银行与贫困问题的全球治理 摘 要 随着全球化的发展,贫困问题越来越受到国际社会关注,全球治理成为当 今时代的重要课题。世界银行是全世界发展中国家获得资金和技术援助的重要 来源,以资助不发达国家克服穷困为己任。世界银行作为一个多边援助机构, 是全球治理的主要行为体,致力于减少全球贫困。 本文选取中国西南扶贫项目和巴西马拉尼昂扶贫项目两个案例,以世界银 行作为研究对象,以扶贫作为全球问题的具体领域来评估世界银行治理全球贫 困问题的作用。首先,文章介绍全球治理机制中的世界银行。通过分析世界银 行在全球治理中的职能以及全球治理机制为接下来的案例研究和世界银行参与 全球扶贫的作用研究奠定基础,同时简述世界银行参与全球减贫的现状,进而 提出世界银行治理全球贫困所面临的问题。其次,文章以中国西南扶贫项目和 巴西马拉尼昂农村扶贫项目为案例,从正反两个角度探讨世界银行参与全球扶 贫项目过程中的作用。最后,在案例研究基础上,从整体上总结世界银行治理 全球贫困问题的经验教训,从治理贫困问题的难度、全球治理效力的局限以及 世界银行本身的局限三个方面探讨世界银行治理全球贫困问题的局限性。 关键词:世界银行;贫困问题;全球治理1Abstract With the development of globalization, poverty has become increasingly prominent, global governance has become an important topic of contemporary timesThe World Bank is an important source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries, supporting developing countries to overcome poverty is the World Bank’s mission. The World Bank which is the main actors of global governance as a multilateral aid agencies, committed to reducing global povertyThesis selects two cases of Southwest Poverty Reduction Project and Maranhao Rural Poverty Reduction Project, studying the World Bank’s governance role of global poverty. Firstly, thesis introduces the World Bank in global governanceAnalyzing the World Bank functions in global governance lays the foundation for next case studies and the World Bank in the process of poverty reduction. At the same time, the thesis outlines the status of the World Bank in global poverty reduction to propose the difficulties of the World Bank’s poverty governanceSecondly, Southwest Poverty Reduction Project and Maranhao Rural Poverty Reduction Project are selected to analyze the role of the World Bank’ participation in poverty alleviation projects in positive and negative perspective. Finally, the thesis summarize the World Bank’ experience in poverty reduction on the basis of case studies, then study the limitations of the World Bank in poverty governance in the aspects of the diffi