华南理工大学汇编原理课件02.pptVIP

(2)Index Registers and Pointer Registers SI DI BP SP You can use them for operations as arithmetic, but normally you should save them for their special purposes. They are often used to indicate the offset address of operands. 常用于存放操作数在段内的偏移地址 Index register SI: Source?Index (源变址寄存器) 16-bit source index register, is associated DS. DI: Destination?Index (目的变址寄存器) 16-bit destination index, is associated ES. Stack pointer (SP) register (堆栈指针寄存器) Base?Pointer (BP) register (基址指针寄存器) SP contains the offset address of the current word in the stack being addressed. SP and BP register are associated with the SS register. 16-bit registers of 8086 8 general (通用) registers, 1 instruction pointer (指令指针) register, 1 flag (标志) register and 4 segment (段) register . (3)Flag Register -- FLAGS Sometimes it is also called PSW (程序状态字). The name FLAGS refers to this register but this mnemonic is not used in instructions. The flags register indicate the status of the processor and the results of executing instructions. (3)Flag Register -- FLAGS Some bits are used to set some characteristic of the 8086 processor. Other bits, called status flags, indicate the outcome of execution of an instruction. When an instruction set a flag, the flag remains set until another instruction changes it. O (overflow flag): Indicates overflow of the high-order(leftmost) bit following arithmetic. JO and JNO test this flag. (result overflow,O=1) . If the word length of the machine is 8 bit, expressing range: -128~+127 CF PF AF ZF SF TF IF DF OF D15 D0 D (direction flag ): Used by string operations to determine direction of data transfer. (D=1, address decrement) data transfer ; (D=0, address increment) STD set direction, D=1 CLD clean direction, D=0 CF PF AF ZF SF TF IF DF OF D15 D0 I (Interrupt flag ): All external interrupts are to be processed (STI, I=1) or ignored ( CLI, I=0). T (trap flag): When set ( T=1 ), causes the