幼儿科学问题解决能力初探.docVIP

PAGE 排灣族幼兒科學問題解決能力初探 摘要 張靜儀* 　　　　蘇宇萍**　　　黃聿綾** 本研究主要目的在探討六歲排灣族幼兒科學探究與問題解決之能力。研究在屏東縣一所原住民國小附幼進行，該校全體學生均是排灣族（Paiwan）原住民，此研究選取12名六歲幼兒（男生6名、女生6名，全班人數共17位）。每位幼兒接受三次晤談，透過幼兒以實務操作與口語解釋，回答情境中的相關問題，來蒐集研究所需資料。研究小組先行設計問題解決細目分析後，再設計三道分別包含有浮力、斜面以及單擺等科學現象之問題解決情境，以分層細目來分析六歲原住民幼兒辨識問題、根據問題提出解決方法、執行解決方法、決定最佳解決方法以及統整應用之能力。結果顯示，大部份幼兒皆能立即辨識出情境中待解決之問題，在鼓勵幼兒多方嘗試並給予較長等待時間下，83%之原住民幼兒能辨識問題、61%能思考評估可運用的方法、83%能有條理進行問題解決的步驟、53%的幼兒能針對有效的問題解決方法提出合理的解釋與評價、57% 的幼兒能夠自行統整應用。與研究者先前研究相較，原住民幼兒的科學問題解決能力與平地幼兒相當。 關鍵詞：原住民幼兒、問題解決、科學探究 *大仁科技大學幼兒保育系教授ccy@.tw　 **國科會研究助理 ping0226@ A Preliminary Study on Paiwan Young Children’s Science Problem Solving Ability Ching-Yi Chang *, Yu-Ping Sue**, Yu-Ling Huang** Abstract The purpose of this study is exploring the Paiwan（an aboriginal people in southern and eastern Taiwan）science inquisition ability. The subjects of this study are twelve six-year-old children, six boys and six girls respectively, which are selected from a Paiwan kindergarten in Ping Tung County, Taiwan. Researchers firstly design the “The specific item of children’s science problem solving ability” for data analysis, and then design three story context problems focusing on scientific phenomena of buoyancy, inclined plane and simple pendulum. Each subject is received three interviews. Data have been collected through the subjects’ manipulation as well as their verbal explanation on solving the three science problems. Based on the data collected, researchers analyze their ability in identifying the problem, putting forward the solution, carrying out the solution, determining the best solution, and furthermore detected their integration and application ability. The results show that nearly all of the aboriginal children could recognize the problem to be solved immediately. After the aboriginal children are encouraged to try more possible solutions and are offered more time, 83% children could be able to recognize the problem；61% could be able to consider and estimate the usable solution and limi