越南达乐三个淡水体之渔业及其管理之案例研究.doc

越南達樂省三個淡水體之漁業及其管理之案例研究 A case study on the fishery and fisheries management of three fresh water bodies in Daklak Province, Central Highlands 研 究 生 : 黎玉宣 (Ly Ngoc Tuyen) 指 導 教 授 : 葉 信 平 博 士 (Shinn-Pyng Yeh, Ph.D.) 摘 要 本研究依據湄公河盆地河域及水庫漁業管理計畫 (MRRF) 於1997 - 2007年間在達樂省的Eakao (120 36’30’’ N, 1080 03’20’’ E; 210 ha), Easoup (130 03’18’’ N, 1070 54’07’’ E; 240 ha),和Lak (120 25’23’’ N, 1080 10’34’’ E; 658 ha) 之資料及活動，探討此三個淡水體的漁業生物學歷史數據和漁業管理系統。漁獲量和漁獲努力係於1998 - 2002年間開始調查，用以估計三個淡水體的漁獲產量。所有使用的漁具之抽樣為每月收集六日。三個淡水體之漁業管理系統訪談居住在三個淡水體一公里範圍內的漁戶而得，共有180戶受訪收集到如：經濟活動、收入、日常飲食以及漁業的重要性等資料，以找尋出管理漁業資源的最佳方式。總計鑑定出屬於11目和18科的56種淡水魚，其中Eakao有20種，Easoup 有46種和Lak有43種。三個淡水體中使用的漁具為多樣化，經分類出12種主要漁具 (Eakao有10種，Easoup 有8種和Lak有7種)。三個淡水體之漁獲量和漁獲努力不同，Eakao、Easoup、Lak的平均漁獲量各為333.6 ± 43.1, 203.7 ± 21.2,和 204.4 ± 22.6 kg/ha/年。總漁獲量中來自主要漁具有含刺網、張網、船載式張網、延繩釣、蝦籠具、陷阱網等，共計捕獲有19種魚，其平均長度和重量範圍各為11.6 ± 0.11 - 25.9 ± 0.05 cm和 25.8 ± 0.65 - 423.2 ± 2.44 g 。三個淡水體中捕獲最多的是雜食性魚種。在1998-2002年中，Eakao、Easoup、Lak每年總漁獲量的變異各為50.2 - 100公噸、34.7 - 59.8公噸、86.6 - 179.3 關鍵字：Eakao水庫，Easoup水庫，Lak湖，漁業，管理漁業 ABSTRACT Based on the data and activities of Management of River and Reservoir Fisheries Project in the Mekong Basin (MRRF) which has been implemented since 1997-2007 at Eakao Reservoir (120 36’30’’ N, 1080 03’20’’ E; 210 ha), Easoup Reservoir (130 03’18’’ N, 1070 54’07’’ E; 240 ha), and Lak Lake (120 25’23’’ N, 1080 10’34’’ E; 658 ha) in Daklak Province, this study probes historic data on the fishery biology and fisheries management systems of three fresh water bodies in Daklak. Catch and fishing effort in the three freshwater bodies were surveyed during 1998-2002 to estimate the fish yield and fisheries production. Samplings were collected at 6 days a month for all gear types used. The fisheries management systems were surveyed through interview of households, living within 1 km of the water bodies. There were 180 fishing households interviewed with data available such as economic activities, income, diet and the importance of the fisheries