细胞兴奋性Membrane potentials膜电位.ppt

* * The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a clinical response arising from a nonspecific insult manifested by two or more of the following: Fever or hypothermia Tachycardia Tachypnea Leukocytosis, leukopenia, or a left-shift (increase in immature neutrophilic leukocytes in the blood) Recent evidence indicates that hemostatic changes play a significant role in many SIRS-linked disorders. Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Chest. 1992;101:1644-55. Opal SM, Thijs L, Cavaillon JM, et al. Relationships between coagulation and inflammatory processes. Crit Care Med. 2000; 28:S81-2. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a clinical response arising from a nonspecific insult manifested by two or more of the following: Fever or hypothermia Tachycardia Tachypnea Leukocytosis, leukopenia, or a left-shift (increase in immature neutrophilic leukocytes in the blood) Recent evidence indicates that hemostatic changes play a significant role in many SIRS-linked disorders. Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Chest. 1992;101:1644-55. Opal SM, Thijs L, Cavaillon JM, et al. Relationships between coagulation and inflammatory processes. Crit Care Med. 2000; 28:S81-2. Ionic basis of action potential (1) Depolarization（去极化）: Activation of Na+ channel Blocker: Tetrodotoxin (TTX) （河豚毒素） (2) Repolarization（复极化）: Inactivation of Na+ channel Activation of K+ channel Blocker: Tetraethylammonium (TEA)（四乙胺） The rapid opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels explains the rapid-depolarization phase at the beginning of the action potential. The slower opening of voltage-gated K+ channels explains the repolarization and after hyperpolarization phases that complete the action potential. Changes in membrane potential and relative membrane permeability to Na+ and K+ d