第六讲词义 的引申褒贬与增补.pptVIP

第六讲：词义引申、褒贬与增补;目　　录;  词义引申、褒贬与增补;1 词语的引申 ;?将表示具体形象的词译成该形象所代表的属性的词;将带有特征性形象的词译为该形象所代表的概念的词 ;2) See-sawing between partly good and faintly ominous ,the news for the next four weeks?was never distinct. 在那以后的四个星期内，消息时而部分有所好转，时而又有点不妙，两种情况不断地交替出现，一直没有明朗化。 ; More Examples ; 2）.. . which, though they go through the motions of dispute and inquiry, do not break through the skin to where such inquires might really hurt. 写出的文章走不痛不痒的，不触及到问题的实质，虽然也装模作样地搞些辩论和调查。; 3）For some，the expense of an away－from—home college education has become so excessive1y great that many students now attend loca1 schools.） Even after graduation, young peop1e find their wings clipped by skyrocketing housing costs. 甚至大学毕业后，年青人发现，曲于房租猛涨，他们想搬出去住，但翅膀硬不起来。; 4）In country after country， talk of nonsmokers’ right is in the air.（Whi1e a majority of countries have taken little or not action yet， some 30 nations have introduced legislative steps to control smoking.） 不吸烟者的权利问题在一个又一个国家里议论开了。 ; 5）(A sizable number of scholars and practitioners of Presidential power still believe that） the fau1t lies not in the office but in the men who have 1ately he1d it. ……问题不在总统的职位，而在于近些年来在这个职位上的人。 ;Conclusion;2 具体化引申;?2.1 英语中也有用代表抽象概念或属性的词来表示一种具体事物，译成汉语时一般可作具体化引申 ;?1)? As the Politburo gave the go-ahead to Brezhev, Nixon and Kissinger were meeting in the????Presidents Kremlin apartment, prepared to accept a setback on SALT. ?在政治局向勃列日涅夫开放绿灯时， 尼克松和基辛格正在克里姆林宫的总统下榻处开会，准备承受限制战略武器会谈失败的挫折。 ; ?2)? Vietnam was his entree to the new Administration, his third incarnation as foreign policy??consultant.  越南战争成了他进入新政府的敲门砖。他担任政府的对外政策顾问，那是第三次了。 ;?2.?2? 英语中有些词在特定的上下文中，其含义是清楚的，但译成汉语时还必须作具体化的引申，否则就不够清楚。 ;?1)? The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green.?我前头的那辆车停住了，我错过了绿灯。 ?2)? Jewish-owned shops were shut down. Swastikas replaced six-pointed stars. The walls of??anti-Semitism were closing in.犹太人的铺子关闭了。卐字旗取代了六角星旗。反犹太主义的包围圈一天紧似一天。 ;More Examples; 2） Fifty-four department stores in