【医学免疫学】【神经生物学】整理的英文资料.doc

【医学免疫学】【神经生物学】整理的英文资料 Comparison of innate immune and adaptive immune: Characteristics Cells Molecules Innate immunity ? ? Responds rapidly early No memory No or low specificity Physical barriers Phagocyte (PMNsand macrophages) Natural killer cells γδTcell Humoral factors Complement Acute phase proteins Cytokines Adaptive immunity ? ? Responds slowly early Memory Highly specific T cells B cells Antibodies Cytokines Comparison of T cell epitopes and B cell epitopes 3 T cell epitopes B cell epitopes receptor TCR BCR MHC Necessary Unnecessary Character Linear; short Natural polypeptide; polysaccharides Size 8-12aa(CD8+T);12-17aa(CD4+T) 5-15 aa; 5-7monosaccharides type Linear determinant Conformational/linear determination Location Everywhere of Ag Surface of Ag the concepts of TD-Ag and TI-Ag and comparison between them TD-Ag: Thymus-dependent antigens are those that do not directly stimulate the production of antibody without the help of T cells. Proteins are thymus -dependent antigens. TI-Ag: Thymus-independent antigens are antigens which can directly stimulate the B cells to produce antibody without the requirement for T cell help. Polysaccharides are TI- antigens. TD-Ag TI-Ag T cell help Necessary innecessary Epitope B cell T cell epitope poly B cell epitope Immuno response type humoral cellular immunity humoral immunity Antibody 5 types IgM Immune memory Memory No memory the concept of SAg and the differences between SAg and Ag SAg: Some Ags which polyclonally activate some subtypes of the T cells (up to 25%) with a very low consistency (1-10ng/ml). These Ags are called superantiges, such as SEA-SEE, Mls. Sag Ag Chemical composition Bacterial exotoxins; Virus reverse transcriptase protein Protein, polyhexose TCR binding site CD1、CD2 of TCR Vβ CDR3 of TCR α,β chain MHC binding site (α-helix)outside peptide-binding cleft MHC restriction - + T cell activity rate 1/20-------1/5 1/105-------1/106 Character of immuno response Stimulate T