明清泾阳三原一带科技文化轴心的形成与意义以刘古愚的工商科技教育为代表.docxVIP

明清泾阳一三原一带科技文化轴心的形 成与意义 以刘古愚的工商一科技教 育为代表 姚远伍小东 西北大学科学史高等研究院西北大学西北联大研究 摘要： 刘古愚创造性地将工商一科技教育、机器纺织实践等相贯通，以图书、期刊媒介 辅助教育，形成了一种以经济为保障基础，以科技为生产力根本，既重理论又 重实践的独特教育模式。他将中国传统教育与近现代新式教育结合起来，实学中 突出工商，格致学中突出算学，分科课士，传业授徒，使泾阳一三原地域文化 元素中出现了从未有过的“天演”、代微积拾级、辙合制度、经纬仪、象限仪、 织布机、轧花机、公司、入股分红、学社、讲会这些新的名词术语，并通过移风 易俗、教化一方强化了这一文化，同时向关学立心、立命、继绝学、开太平的使 命植入新的时代基因。 关键词： 刘古愚;泾阳一三原一带;科技文化轴心;工商一科技教育; 作者简介：姚远(1955—),男，陕西岐山县人，西北大学科学史高等研究院博 士生导师，西北大学西北联大研究所所长，研究方向为科学传播史与科学教育 史。 收稿日期：2017-10-16 基金：陕西省自然科学基金重点项目(207000001) The Formation and Significance of Jingyang-Sanyuan Science and Technology Cultural Center in the Ming and Qing Dynasties Represented by Liu Guyu s industry-commerce and science technology education YAO Yuan WU Xiaodong Advanced Research Institute of Scientific History, Northwest University; Abstract： Through focusing on the survey of Liu Guyu，s industry-commerce and science technology education activities, it is thought that he creatively integrated industry-commerce and science technology education with textile machine practice, which shaped a distinctive educational mode of mutual support and facilitation that was based on economy with science and technology as the basic productivity, stressing both theory and practice. He combined traditional education and modern and contemporary new education. In practical learning, he emphasized industry and commerce; in theoretical 1 earning, he stressed mathematics with curriciiliiiTi divided into subjects. He advocated passing on skills and knowledge through master-apprentice approach, making it part of the local culture of Jingyang-San)^uan area. “Evolution” appeared as one of the cultural elements, unprecedented in history. New terms emerged like calculus, standardized manufacture system, etc. And this culture was strengthened through the change of prevailing heibits and customs as well as educeiting and ins true ting the masses. At the same time, a new gene was implanted into the mission of neo-Confucianism developed in central Shaanxi area