中国古代药典的沿革与现代药典的发展.pdfVIP

中国古代药典的沿革 与现代药典的发展 The History and Development of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 中国国家药典委员会 Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission 翻开药典历史的长卷 Open the Long Scroll of the History of Pharmacopoeia 药典是从本草学、药物学以及处方集的编著演化而 来，其重要特征是它的法定性和体例的规范化。中国最早 的药物典籍，比较公认的是公元659年唐代苏敬等23人奉官 方之命编纂的《新修本草》。全书54卷，收载药物850种， 堪称世界上最早的一部药典。15世纪印刷术的进步促进了 欧洲近代药典的发展，1498年由佛罗伦萨学院出版的 《佛罗 伦萨处方集》，被视为欧洲第一部药品法典。 The pharmacopoeia evolved from the compilation of herbal medicine, pharmacy, and formulary . Its important feature is its legality and standardization of style. The earliest drug classics in China are relatively well- recognized as “Tang Materia Medica ”compiled by 23 people including Su Jing, commissioned by the government in the Tang dynasty in 659 AD . The book has 54 volumes and contains 850 kinds of drugs. It is the earliest pharmacopoeia in the world. The advancement of printing in the 15th century promoted the development of modern European pharmacopoeia . The “Florentine Formulary”, published by the Florence College in 1498, was regarded as the first drug code in Europe. 22 翻开药典历史的长卷 Open the Long Scroll of the History of Pharmacopoeia 随着1546年 《纽伦堡药典》的颁布，欧洲各地兴起了编纂药 典的高潮，在奥格斯堡、安特卫普、里昂、巴塞尔、巴伦 西亚、科隆、巴黎和阿姆斯特丹等地相继有药典问世。真 正意义的现代药典始于工业革命后的19世纪，1820年美国颁 布了 《美国药典USP》、1864年英国颁布了 《英国药典BP》、 1886年日本颁布了 《日本药典JP 》。至今全球约有几十个国 家有自己的药典，还有区域性的药典《欧洲药典EP》以及 世界卫生组织（WHO ）编订的 《国际药典Ph.Int》。 With the promulgation of the “Nuremberg Pharmacopoeia” in 1546, the culmination of preparation pharmacopoeia has emerged throughout Europe, with the advent of pharmacopoeia in Augsburg, Antwerp, Lyon, Basel, Valencia, Cologne, Paris and Amsterdam . The true modern pharmacopoeia began in the 19th century after the Industrial Revolution. In 1820, the United States promulgated the “United