不同作物种植垦作对水土流失影响研究.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2014,30(36):232-236 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 不同作物种植垦作对水土流失影响研究 罗兴录，樊吴静，杨 鑫 （广西大学农学院，南宁530005） 摘 要：为探讨不同大田作物对水土流失的影响，对甘蔗、木薯、玉米3 种作物种植的水土流失状况进行了 研究。结果表明：不同作物的水土流失量及土壤养分流失量均有显著差异。3 种不同作物种植的水土流 失量及土壤养分流失量大小均表现为：玉米木薯甘蔗。其中，玉米水分、土壤、土壤速效氮、磷、钾及土 壤有机质的流失量分别比木薯增加了15.00%、30.44%、35.53%、34.73%、31.84%、34.80%；木薯分别比甘蔗 增加了41.60%、39.66%、46.86%、41.57%、54.75%、41.89%。由此可见，不同的作物垦种和栽培管理过程对 耕地水土流失的影响有明显差异。玉米种植垦种和栽培管理过程耕地水土流失量最大，其次是木薯，再 次是甘蔗。旱地尤其是旱坡地不同作物适当轮作，不仅有利于调节土壤肥力，而且有利于保持水土。 关键词：不同作物；垦种；水土流失；土壤养分流失 中图分类号：S341 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2014-1704 TheStudiesontheEffectsofPlantingofDifferentFieldCropsontheSoilErosionandWaterLoss LuoXinglu,FanWujing,YangXin (AgriculturalCollegeofGuangxiUniversity,Nanning530005) Abstract: Theeffectsoffarmingofthesugarcane,cassava,maizeplantingonthesoilerosionandwaterloss werestudiedinthistesttoinvestigatetheimpactsofplantingofdifferentfieldcropsonthewaterandsoilloss. Theresultsshowedthattheamountsofthewater,soilandsoilnutrientlossweresignificantlydifferentof differentfieldcrops,andrankedasfollows:maizecassavasugarcane.Comparedwithcassava,themaize’s lossesofwater,soil,availablenitrogen,phosphorus,potassiumandorganicmatterinsoilincreasedby 15.00%, 30.44%,35.53%,34.73%,31.84%,34.80%,respectively;andcomparedwithsugarcane,thecassava’s losses ofwater,soil,availablenitrogen,phosphorus,potassiumandorganicmatterinsoilincreasedby 41.60%, 39.66%,46.86%,41.57%,54.75%,41.89%,respectively.Thus,thereweresignificantdifferencesintheeffects ofdifferentkindsofcultivatedcropsandthemanagementprocessonthesoilerosion.Thefarmlandsoiland watererosionamountofmaizecultivationwasthelargest,thesecondwascassavaandthethirdwassugarcane. Appropriatecroprotatio